最新刊期
卷 37 ， 期 9 ， 2024
- 摘要：Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the chemical fiber industry and discipline have developed from scratch, from small to large, and from weak to strong. This development is evident in many ways: guidelines and policies at government level, majors for talent cultivation from education aspect, scientific research in academia, as well as industrial production. After reviewing the situation of “competition for farmland between grain and cotton” faced by China’s chemical fiber discipline and industry at the beginning, the paper clarified the connotation of the chemical fiber discipline and narrated the historical facts from four aspects: government, education, scientific research and production. An assertion was clearly put forward that China’s chemical fiber discipline and industry originated in 1954. Furthermore, the historical value and contemporary significance of this research in the fields of science and education were discussed from three aspects: providing educational resources for the “Four Histories” learning, enriching the elements of scientific and technological innovation and curriculum ideology and politics, and promoting the integration of politics, industry, academia, and research.关键词：Chemical fiber;Discipline creation;Origin
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：It has been 70 years since the establishment of the chemical fiber discipline in Donghua University. Focusing on the coordinated development of education, science and technology, and talents cultivation over the past 70 years, especially since the reform and opening-up in China, this study introduced how the chemical fiber discipline actively served the national strategic needs and people’s livelihood: promoting the system construction of high-performance fiber preparation and application, and becoming the theoretical origins of domestic technological breakthroughs; leading the innovation and practice of key technologies in the fiber industry, and becoming the technology leader in industrial development; laying out the cutting-edge research in the fiber fields, and becoming the bellwether of the international fiber innovation; building a first-class faculty team, cultivating outstanding innovative talents, and becoming the “Whampoa Military Academy” of fiber talents training. The experience collected during the discipline construction was also summarized: strengthening interdisciplinary research and implementing organized scientific research, insisting on morality-oriented education and cultivating high-quality talents, and emphasizing teacher’s ethics and building a high-level education team.关键词：Chemical fiber （material） discipline;Service to national strategic needs and people’s livelihood;Scientific research;Establishing morality and cultivating talents;Faculty team
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Guided by the historical materialism and based on interviews and relevant literature collection, we systematically sorted out Qian Baojun’s practical experience in higher education. It has been found that he had always adhering to his educational philosophy, insisting on ideological guidance, integration of industry and education, and the simultaneous development of the five educations. Following this, we summarized his scientific research spirit, such as being rigorous in study, emphasizing innovation, actively promoting scientific and technological progress, and unwavering determination to overcome difficulties. We also explored his concepts of construction of teaching team: he emphasized the importance of the cross disciplinary and team building, the academic exchange and cooperation at home and abroad, as well as the actively expanding platforms for recruiting talents. Finally, we concluded Qian Baojun’s higher education thoughts and the paths to inherit his thoughts from four aspects.关键词：Educational ideology;Scientific research;Talent team construction;Qian Baojun
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Living/controlled free radical polymerization (CRP) stands out as a versatile and highly controllable polymerization technique, facilitating the precise tuning of molecular weights, structures, and properties of polymers throughout the polymerization process. This methodology finds extensive application across diverse domains such as materials science and chemical engineering. This review delves into the tribological implications of polymers primarily synthesized via CRP. It provides a comprehensive examination of tribology studies related to controlled polymerization surface modifications and the synthesis of polymer lubrication additives. It also discusses their subsequent effects on lubricant viscosity and performance enhancements. Firstly, the paper describes the synthesis method of polymer brushes and their roles and advantages in surface modification across various dimensions. It summarizes their unique lubrication mechanism and introduces the current research status on stimulus-responsive polymer brushes, including responses to salt, pH, and light. Secondly, we analyzed the modification of lubricant viscosity and the enhancement of friction reduction and anti-wear properties of polymeric lubricant additives with a three-dimensional structure, such as micelles and branched polymers synthesized by CRP technology. The advantages of using them as lubrication additives and their lubrication mechanisms are summarized.关键词：Living/Controlled free radical polymerization （CRP）;Tribology;Surface modification;Polymer brush;Polymer lubrication additives
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Polyisocyanates are important raw materials for military and civilian products such as solid propellants, adhesives, and coatings, supporting the rapid progress of modern industrial civilization. They are also important intermediates for drug synthesis, improving human health and well-being. However, the traditional syntheses of polyisocyanate are mainly through the reactions of polyamines with phosgene, which is highly toxic and harmful to the environment. In order to improve the green and low-carbon production from the source, promote harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, it is urgently necessary to innovate the synthesis path and develop green preparation technology for polyisocyanate. In recent years, the synthesis of isocyanates through non-phosgene methods has become a research frontier as an active intermediate for the synthesis of high-value-added derivatives. The latest progress in the non-phosgene synthesis of polyisocyanate is summarized through pathways such as dealchoholysis of carbonates through pyrolysis, Hofmann rearrangement of amides, Curtius rearrangement on acyl azides, Lossen rearrangement of hydroxamic acid, reductive carbonylation reaction on nitro compounds, N-substitution of cyanates, and so on. With the increasing requirements of circular economy for sustainable development, the syntheses of polyisocyanates and their corresponding polyurethanes through non-phosgene pathways will attract more attention in the future.关键词：Polyisocyanate;Non-phosgene process;Polyurethane;Carbamate;Circular economy
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Hydrogen energy is a new energy source with broad application prospects. Anion exchange membrane electrolysis of water for hydrogen production (AEMWE) and anion exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell (AEMFC) are considered as hydrogen energy technologies with great development prospects, both of which require polyelectrolyte anion exchange membrane (AEM). This review first summarizes the technical principles of AEMWE and AEMFC, puts forward the technical requirements of AEM, and explains the transmission mechanism of OH– in AEM. Then, according to the main chain structure, the research progress of poly(aryl ether), polybenzimidazole, polybenzoylene and polyolefin anion exchange membranes is introduced in detail, aiming at providing ideas for the development and design of AEM in the future.关键词：Hydrogen energy;Hydrogen production by water electrolysis;Hydrogen fuel cell;Polyelectrolyte anion exchange membrane
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Polypropylene carbonate (PPC), which is formed via copolymerization of carbon dioxide (CO2) and propylene oxide (PO), is a promising environment-friendly material and is now industrially produced. However, the unsatisfactory thermal stability and mechanical properties of PPC have limited its applications. In addition, with the increased application of functional materials in biology, chemistry, medicine and other fields, the demand for the functionalization of polycarbonate materials has increased, which is a hot topic in the scientific community. This work reviews the research progress of monomers with fluorescence characteristics, UV aging resistance, flame retardant properties and biological properties et al. as third monomers and CO2 and PO ternary copolymerization into functional polycarbonate, and analyzes the effects of different functional monomers on the physical and chemical properties and functional properties of PPC, so as to provide a reference for enriching the structure and application fields of polycarbonate.关键词：Ternary copolymerization;Polycarbonate;Functionalization;Conversion of carbon dioxide
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Poly(silyl ether)s have excellent thermal stability, low glass transition temperature, especially degradability and recyclability because of the hydrolysis or alcoholysis of Si－O－C bond on the main chains, which make them have a wide application prospect in the fields of materials science and organic chemistry. In this paper, research progress of poly(silyl ether)s was summarized, reaction routes for synthesis of poly(silyl ether)s including dehydrocoupling polymerization, hydrosilylation, condensation reaction with nucleophiles and addition reaction of epoxy compounds were reviewed. Finally, future research direction of poly(silyl ether)s was prospected.关键词：Poly（silyl ether）s;Dehydrocoupling polymerization;Hydrosilylation
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Poly(silyl ether)s have excellent thermal stability, low glass transition temperature, especially degradability and recyclability because of the hydrolysis or alcoholysis of Si－O－C bond on the main chains, which make them have a wide application prospect in the fields of materials science and organic chemistry. In this paper, research progress of poly(silyl ether)s was summarized, reaction routes for synthesis of poly(silyl ether)s including dehydrocoupling polymerization, hydrosilylation, condensation reaction with nucleophiles and addition reaction of epoxy compounds were reviewed. Finally, future research direction of poly(silyl ether)s was prospected.关键词：Poly（silyl ether）s;Dehydrocoupling polymerization;Hydrosilylation
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Late-transition metal catalysts can be applied in the polymerization of α-olefins with a unique “chain-running and chain-straightening” mechanism to produce polyolefin elastomers with special structures and excellent properties. In this study, ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR)-type polymers were prepared by polymerization of propylene with classical α-diimine nickel(II) complexes (C1~C6) in the presence of ethylaluminum sesquichloride (EASC). The effects of catalyst dosage, n(Al)/n(Ni), propylene pressure, polymerization time, polymerization temperature, solvent, and structures of the catalysts on the polymerization were investigated systematically, and the optimal polymerization conditions were obtained. The microstructures and thermal properties of the obtained polymers were characterized by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), infrared spectrum (IR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The highest catalytic activity of α-diimine nickel(II) complexes could reach 6.33×105 g/(mol·h), the molecular weight of EPR-type polymers was in the range of 6.27×104–40.75×104 g/mol, the 1,3-enchainment content was 21% to 35% (mol), the glass transition temperature (Tg) was from –28.95 ℃ to –40.57 ℃, the decomposition temperature exceeded 400 ℃.关键词：Late-transition metal catalyst;α-diimine Ni（Ⅱ） complex;Propylene polymerization;EPR-type polymer
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：The crystallization behavior of polymers is closely related to their material properties, representing an important fundamental research area in polymer physics. Cluster-containing polymers are a newly emerging class of hybrid polymers that combine the rich functionality of nanoclusters with the excellent processability of polymer materials, providing new avenues for the development of advanced hybrid materials. In this study, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) cluster-containing polymers with side chains were investigated. A series of precise polymers with different degrees of polymerization were synthesized through precise chemical techniques to control their molecular parameters. Single crystal growth was conducted in solution, and a systematic analysis of their morphology, structure, and thermodynamic parameters was performed to investigate the influence of polymerization degree on their crystallization behavior. Within the scope of this study, it was found that the degree of polymerization did not affect the crystal structure of single crystals, and there was no significant correlation with lamellar thickness or melting temperature. The growth of single crystals from solutions was greatly influenced by kinetic factors such as solvents, temperature, and concentration fluctuations, indicating that they were not thermodynamically stable crystals.关键词：Cluster-containing polymers;Polymer single-crystal;Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes;Precision synthesis
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：In this paper, the Cell Dynamic System (CDS) method based on the Time-Dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory (TDGL) and the Brownian Dynamics method were used to study the self-assembly behavior of block copolymers (BCPs) mixed systems doped with two oppositely charged nanoparticles (NPs). The effects of the number of nanoparticles, particle radius, particle wetting properties and other factors on the self-assembled ordered structure were systematically discussed, and the results showed that the pairing effect of nanoparticles was the fundamental reason for the structural transformation and formation of the ordered structure of the induced system, and this mechanism was also affected by the radius and number of nanoparticles. The wetting properties of nanoparticles determine their distribution in polymers. Through phase diagram and evolutionary dynamics analysis, the influence mechanism of each parameter on the formation and transformation of composite architecture is further discussed. The results of this study provide a new idea for the regulation of the ordered structure of polymer nanocomposites.关键词：Nanoparticles;Block copolymers;Ordered structure;Time-dependent ginzburg-landau theory;Brown dynamics
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) photothermal responsive nanocomposite hydrogels containing graphene oxide (GO) were prepared by a one-pot method, and the morphology, structure, and properties of the products were characterized in this study. The effect of PVA on the transmittance of PNIPAM/PVA hydrogel and the effect of GO content on the mechanical properties and photothermal response of PNIPAM/PVA/GO hydrogel were studied. The results showed that the introduction of PVA into PNIPAM hydrogel did not affect its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) value, and the LCST value was still 32 ℃. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that the GO/PNIPAM/PVA nanocomposite hydrogel had a compact structure and uniform pore size. When the GO content is 0.89% of the mass of NIPAM, the prepared GO/PNIPAM/PVA hydrogel has the optimal mechanical properties, the tensile strength is 40.1 kPa, and the elongation at break can reach 335.6%. The GO/PNIPAM/PVA hydrogel with GO content of 1.11% of NIPAM mass was irradiated by near-infrared light (NIR) for 150 s, and its temperature could rise from 17.2 ℃ to 42.5 ℃, showing excellent photothermal performance.关键词：N-isopropylacrylamide;Poly（vinyl alcohol）;Graphene oxide;Photothermal response
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Hydrogel-based transparent soil has received widespread attention because it cheaply solves the problem of soil invisibility, greatly reducing the cost of root phenotype observation. The reported hydrogel-based transparent soil consists of low acyl gellan gum and sodium alginate as the gel skeleton, Mg2+ as the cross-linking agent, and is prepared by the drop ball method. However, it is easily contaminated by microorganisms after absorbing the nutrient solution, which limits its use in ordinary environments. Based on the reported hydrogel beads, this work reduces the impact of microorganisms on their permeability by immersing trace amounts of Cu2+. After 60 days of use, the permeability still remains above 90%. When the Cu2+ concentration reaches 5×10–5 mol·L–1, the root shape phenotypes of rapeseed roots such as root length, root surface area, average root diameter, and root volume are similar to those of transparent soil without copper, proving that the hydrogel beads can be used as a matrix for phenotypic observation of rapeseed roots under ordinary conditions.关键词：Transparent soil;Low acyl gellun gum;Root phenotype observation;Copper sulfate;Sodium alginate
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Solvothermal has been used to develop lignin-based polymeric microspheres that are excellently suited for solar photothermal conversion. The materials show excellent light-absorbing performance throughout the solar spectrum, due to the large conjugated structure. As expected, the solar photothermal conversion test shows that a significant temperature increasing from room temperature to about 58 ℃ can be achieved within 30 s under simulated solar radiation (1 kW/m2). Meanwhile, the materials provide a satisfactory photothermal response during the cycling stability measurement. In addition, a composite aerogel material was prepared for practical photothermal conversion application based on solvothermal treatment in the presence of bacterial cellulose. The composite material proposed could have great potential for applications in the field of water harvesting.关键词：Lignin;Solvothermal;Polymer microspheres;Photothermal conversion
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：In acrylate-vinylidene chloride semi-seed emulsion polymerization, macromolecular emulsifiers can be produced in situ by introducing reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) reagents, and then partially replace small molecular emulsifiers, and thus high stability copolymer emulsions can be prepared. The optimum addition amount of various additives and initiators in emulsion polymerization was studied, and the effect of different acrylate monomers and VDC monomer copolymerization on emulsion polymerization was studied. Methyl acrylate-vinylidene chloride (VDC-MA), ethyl acrylate-vinylidene chloride (VDC-EA) and butyl acrylate-vinylidene chloride (VDC-BA) copolymers have been successfully synthesized. The crystallinity of copolymer films having excellent barrier properties are characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), which provided theoretical support for the application of copolymer in packaging fields.关键词：Vinylidene chloride;Emulsion;Copolymers;Crystallinity
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发布时间：2024-09-10 - 摘要：Polymer Physics is the subject foundation requisite of polymer materials and engineering, which purports at cultivate students’ comprehensive ability and quality to solve complex issues in polymer materials engineering, and lay the foundation for the cultivation of emerging engineering applied talents. In view of the “pain points” such as a variety of course content, abstract theories, few practical problems linked to theory, and insufficient motivation for active learning and continuous learning, we put forward the teaching innovation design of “one core and three rings”, and implement the teaching innovation practice of “Five-element fusion”. By integrating content reconstruction to enhance learning interest, integrating blended teaching to strengthen student centering, integrating curriculum ideology and politics to implement moral cultivation, integrating engineering practice to cultivate engineering thinking, and integrating process evaluation to enhance learning motivation, the problems existing in curriculum teaching are effectively solved. Students’ learning effect, engineering practice ability, innovation ability and comprehensive quality have been continuously improved.关键词：Polymer physics;Emerging engineering education;One core and three rings;Five-element fusion
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发布时间：2024-09-10
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