最新刊期
卷 38 ， 期 11 ， 2025
- 摘要：Polyacetylene (PA), the first discovered conductive polymer, and its derivatives have long held a significant position in organic electronics. To address the shortcomings of poor stability and low electrical conductivity that limit PA applications, researchers have developed numerous novel copolymerization, catalysis, and modification techniques in recent years. These methods effectively reduced the degradation rate of polyacetylene in air and significantly improved its thermal stability (its decomposition temperature increased from 80 ℃ to 150 ℃). Meanwhile, the doping system has expanded from traditional inorganic doping systems to new organic-inorganic doping systems, increasing the conductivity of doped polyacetylene from 1.7×10−9 S/cm to 1.8×103 S/cm, making its subsequent applications in new energy battery materials, intelligent wearables, robot sensing, and other fields have broad market prospects.关键词：Polyacetylene;Stability;conductivity246|595|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：As an emerging interdisciplinary research field, high-pressure science provides a unique approach for developing the structures and properties of new materials by controlling non-equilibrium thermodynamic parameters. This method has already achieved significant progress in the study of metals and inorganic non-metallic materials. However, there are fewer relevant studies on polymer systems under high pressure because of the limitations of characterization techniques and their complex structures. Based on the basic theory of polymer physics, this review summarizes the changes in polymer structures from chain motion, free volume effect, glass transition, and crystallization behavior under high pressure, and introduces the resulting changes in mechanical and functional properties. Based on the above, this review proposes the current challenges of high-pressure polymer research as well as the development directions.关键词：High-pressure;Polymer;Structural evolution;Property regulation317|324|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：Hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) was employed as a low-surface-energy modifier, and a spandex-cotton blended fabric served as a flexible substrate. A flexible composite fabric integrating high conductivity and hydrophobic functionality was developed through in situ interfacial redox polymerization to load a conductive polypyrrole (PPy) layer. The microstructure and chemical composition of the fabric were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. Electrical performance tests and contact angle measurements were conducted to evaluate the conductivity and hydrophobicity of the fabrics. The effects of the PPy concentration and HDTMS treatment processes on the conductive properties were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that the optimized HDTMS/PPy/spandex-cotton fabric exhibited excellent hydrophobicity (contact angle of 121.3°) and stable conductivity (sheet resistance of 140.67 Ω/□). Additionally, the composite fabric displayed high sensitivity and durability in bending cycle tests, along with remarkable antifouling properties. This work provides a novel strategy for designing multifunctional flexible wearable electronic devices.关键词：Hydrophobicity;Spandex-cotton blended fabric;Polypyrrole;Conductive fabric;Stretchable sensing property161|285|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：Core-shell fibers, as micro-nano materials with embedding and encapsulation functions, possess significant application values in fields such as controlled drug release, tissue engineering, and smart textiles. In this study, microfluidic spinning technology was employed to fabricate core-shell fibers with gelatin (GEL)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as the shell layer and cinnamaldehyde (CA)/PEO as the core layer. The primary focus was on investigating the influence of PEO mass fraction (40 and 60 mg/g) on the system. The experimental results indicate that the 60 mg/g PEO shell solution exhibits a higher viscosity (28906 mPa·s) and a larger contact angle (91.2°), significantly retarding the spreading of the core liquid. The prepared fibers displayed a uniform and parallel arrangement structure (with an average diameter of (1865.0±16.9) nm), successfully embedding the active component of CA. The fibers demonstrated excellent hydrophilicity and unique mechanical properties (tensile strength of 0.8 MPa and elongation at break of 0.8%), which can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the GEL rigid network and PEO flexible chain. This study elucidates a three-stage process of core-shell interface evolution: initial viscosity differences drive penetration, mid-term viscoelastic network relaxation regulates reorganization, and ultimately achieves surface tension equilibrium. A high PEO concentration effectively suppresses the diffusion of the core liquid by enhancing the viscoelastic network and forming a stable interface structure. This study provides theoretical support for the controlled preparation of functional core-shell fibers.关键词：Core-shell fiber;Interface regulation;Gelatin;Poly(ethylene oxide);Cinnamaldehyde135|363|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：Aramid nanofibers (ANF) are often used as a polymer matrix or reinforcing phase to prepare high-performance multifunctional composites with functional fillers owing to their excellent mechanical properties and high temperature resistance. In this study, a double-layer structure ANF/titanium carbide nanosheets (MXene)@silver nanowires (AgNW) electromagnetic shielding composite film was prepared by vacuum assisted filtration combined with hot pressing process. The three-dimensional network constructed using two-dimensional MXene and one-dimensional AgNW was used as an efficient conductive layer, and the ANF was a polymer enhanced layer. The effects of the double-layer structure and different components on the mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance, and thermal conductivity of the composite film were systematically studied. The results show that owing to the rich hydrogen bond interaction between MXene, AgNW, and ANF and the strong and tough ANF layer as the framework support structure, the stability of the overall structure is ensured, and the mechanical strength and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of the composite film are improved. When the MXene@AgNW content was 40 wt%, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite film were 200.9 MPa and 15.5%, respectively, and the conductivity and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness were 751 S/cm and 53.1 dB, respectively. In addition, the ANF/MXene@AgNW composite film exhibited excellent flexibility, durability, and thermal conductivity, making it a promising candidate for the electromagnetic shielding of smart and flexible wearable electronic devices.关键词：Aramid nanofibers;Titanium carbide nanosheets;Electromagnetic shielding;Composite film148|372|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：Ethyl cellulose-based microcapsule (EASK) was prepared using ethyl cellulose (EC) as the shell material and tetradecanoic acid as the core, aiming to address the issue of dye wastewater pollution. The structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption performance of EASK on methylene blue, used as a model pollutant, was investigated under various conditions including different adsorption times, temperatures, and initial concentrations. Results indicated that EASK, composed of EC as the wall material and tetradecanoic acid as the core material, could remove up to 84.13% of methylene blue, achieving a maximum equilibrium adsorption concentration of 35.10 mg·g−1. The theoretical maximum equilibrium adsorption concentration of EASK was found to be 51.20 mg·g−1 by fitting the Langmuir isothermal model. The adsorption thermodynamic calculations showed that the adsorption reaction was a spontaneous heat absorption process. Additionally, after five adsorption cycles of regeneration, the equilibrium adsorption concentration of EASK could still reach 80.5% of the initial equilibrium adsorption concentration, demonstrating good adsorption performance and reusability.关键词：Ethyl cellulose;Microcapsule;Adsorption properties;Methylene blue;Water treatment technology126|143|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to human health, necessitating the development of effective alternative antibacterial agents. Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has been extensively studied because of its minimal bacterial resistance and high antibacterial efficiency. In this study, a copper-nitrogen co-doped carbon dot platform was developed to respond to bacterial microenvironments. By utilizing overexpressed hydrogen peroxide in the bacterial microenvironment, the platform generates highly toxic hydroxyl radicals through Fenton-like reactions, thereby inhibiting bacterial growth. In vitro assays, including bacterial growth inhibition curves, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) determination, as well as punch method and agar plate tests, demonstrated the potent antibacterial activity of the copper-nitrogen co-doped carbon dot against both gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, E. coli) strains. This study provides a rational design strategy for microenvironment-responsive antibacterial agents based on metal-doped nanomaterials.关键词：Bacterial microenvironment;Chemodynamic antibacterial;Copper and nitrogen-doped nanoparticle platform72|430|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：Polyester-based polyurethanes (PU) with different urethane/urea molar ratios of 10/90, 25/75, and 40/60 were synthesized using structurally diverse small-molecule diols. Hydrogen bonding dynamics, water uptake behavior, and mechanical properties were investigated to elucidate the effects of diol architecture and urethane/urea during immersion hydrothermal aging. The results revealed that water molecules preferentially interacted with the ester carbonyl groups in the soft segments during the initial 24 h, and the proportion of hydrogen-bonded ester carbonyl groups (Pb,A) was significantly enhanced, free ester carbonyl fraction (Pf,A) was reduced. Upon prolonged aging for up to 720 h, urethane carbonyls engage in various newly formed hydrogen bonds with water molecules. PU-B1, PU-E1, and PU-N1, synthesized from small-molecule diols (e.g. 1,4-butanediol (BDO), ethylene glycol (EG), neopentyl glycol (NPG)), exhibited a more pronounced hydrogen bond reorganization. In contrast, the PU-P series exhibited cleavage of the original hydrogen bonds derived primarily from asymmetric and low-crystallinity PG. Water uptake continuously increased with aging time, and the higher crystallinity of small-molecule diols markedly suppressed PU’s water absorption of PU. At a urethane/urea molar ratio of 40/60, PU-B3 exhibited the lowest water uptake (3.34%), while PU-P3 exhibited the highest water uptake (8.43%). This difference is attributed to the higher crystallinity of the diol used in PU-B3 compared to the amorphous nature of PU-P3. Mechanical testing revealed that after 720 h of aging, PU-B1, PU-E1, and PU-N1 retained high tensile strength and stress responsiveness, exhibiting typical strain-hardening behavior. In contrast, PU-P2 and PU-P3 exhibited flattened stress-strain curves, indicating significant mechanical degradation. Performance degradation is primarily caused by hydrogen bond breakage or weakening of the original hydrogen bonds, resulting in reduced intermolecular forces. Meanwhile, water-induced erosion of certain hard segment microdomains and the plasticization effect on soft segments synergistically contribute to the performance decline.关键词：Polyester-based polyurethane;Small-molecule diol structure;Hydrothermal aging;Hydrogen bonding;Mechanical properties72|394|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：Novel poly(sulfonate(amide) ester) ultrafiltration membranes were prepared using polysulfonamide as the raw material, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the additive via phase inversion. The results showed that with an increase in the Poly(sulfonate(amide) ester) content, the hydrophilicity and antifouling properties of the ultrafiltration membranes increased. When the poly(sulfonate(amide) ester) content was 18 wt%, the rejection rate of the prepared ultrafiltration membrane for humic acid solution was 88.65%, and it could maintain a flux recovery rate of 85.25%. This has profound significance for the preparation of high-performance ultrafiltration membranes.关键词：Poly(sulfonate(amide) ester);Ultrafiltration membrane;Phase inversion;Antifouling62|247|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：To address the limitations of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes, such as low surface energy, inadequate hydrophilicity, susceptibility to fouling, and limited lifespan, MWCNTs-OH/PVDF blend membranes were prepared via the low-temperature thermally induced phase separation (L-TIPS) method using hydroxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-OH) as modifiers. The effect of MWCNTs-OH mass fraction on the microstructure, filtration performance, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and antifouling performance of the membranes was investigated. The findings revealed that an increase in the MWCNTs-OH mass fraction initially enhanced the pure water flux of the blended membrane, peaking at 508.94 L/(m2·h) with 0.04 wt% MWCNTs-OH. The rejection ratio of polyethylene glycol 10000 (PEG10000) also increased, reaching 95.9% at 0.03 wt% MWCNTs-OH. Moreover, the tensile strength and elongation at break exhibited an increasing trend followed by a decrease, with 0.04 wt% MWCNTs-OH yielding maximum values of 2.69 MPa and 77.3%, respectively. Incorporating MWCNTs-OH in the casting solution led to a reduction in membrane average roughness from 0.354 μm (0 wt% MWCNTs-OH) to 0.056 μm (0.04 wt% MWCNTs-OH), with a flux recovery ratio of 93.67% (0.04 wt% MWCNTs-OH) was achieved after bovine serum albumin (BSA) fouling. In conclusion, the addition of modified MWCNTs to the casting solution effectively enhanced the overall performance of PVDF membranes, thereby improving their applicability.关键词：Polyvinylidene fluoride;Hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes;Blend membranes;Hydrophilicity;Antifouling performance55|198|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：Exploratory practice is conducive to developing the core scientific competency of primary school students, and it is also important to show students how a scientific phenomenon can be transformed from impossible to possible. The limitations of traditional metal conductors in terms of quality, flexibility, and fabrication cost give rise to technological innovation in flexible conductive materials and provide a new route for the development of electronic science and technology. Based on the needs of science education in primary and secondary schools, this study designed an engaging science experiment course focused on preparing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) conductive paper. This initiative aimed to facilitate the functional transformation of ordinary paper into a conductive medium by introducing dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) modification technology to further enhance its conductivity. The experimental design systematically compared the resistance characteristics of ordinary paper (an insulator), basic conductive paper (a semiconductor), and modified conductive paper. Therefore, this study employs the learning circle theory proposed by David Kolb to design an experimental process that emphasizes the combination of continuous reflection and hands-on practice. During this process, students can experience the chain of “observation—measurement—analysis—reflection” to help them dismantle preconceived notions regarding the electrical non-conductivity of paper while highlighting the application potential of novel materials within flexible electronics. Ultimately, this study aimed to foster students’ scientific awareness and innovative thinking concerning functional materials.关键词：Conductive paper;Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate);Popular science experiment94|351|0更新时间：2025-10-30
- 摘要：To address the deep-rooted challenges in traditional fiber material talent cultivation, including “students fleeing the industry, teaching disconnected from cutting-edge developments, and ineffective university-enterprise cooperation”, the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Tiangong University has developed an innovative talent cultivation model oriented towards national strategic needs and fiber industry transformation. The school adopted a distinctive “core-dual track” model consisting of the elite innovation track and excellence engineer track to foster interdisciplinary integration of science and engineering and cross-disciplinary engineering collaboration. Furthermore, the school introduced a “four new” curriculum system that incorporates ideological and political education, course content, novel teaching methods, and innovative evaluation modes. A multi-level curriculum on fiber materials was also developed, together with an industry-education collaborative model, thereby enhancing students’ innovative practice capabilities and engineering literacy. Following these reforms, the postgraduate enrollment rate exceeded 40%, the employment rate remained above 90%, and enterprise satisfaction markedly improved. This transformation from “being required to study fiber” to “wanting to study fiber” provides a replicable pathway for cultivating talent in fiber materials.关键词：Fiber materials;Innovative talent cultivation;Teaching reform;Engineering education;Industry-education integration175|140|0更新时间：2025-10-30
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