3D Bioprinting Hydrogel: From Printing Technology to Hydrogel Adaptability Design

FENG Qi; HUANG Yue; CAO Xiao-dong

doi:10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.220

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3D Bioprinting Hydrogel: From Printing Technology to Hydrogel Adaptability Design

更新时间：2025-12-05

- 3D Bioprinting Hydrogel: From Printing Technology to Hydrogel Adaptability Design
- Polymer Bulletin Vol. 38, Issue 12, Pages: 1721-1753(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院生物医学工程系，广州 510006
  2.华南理工大学国家人体组织功能重建工程技术研究中心，广州 510006
  3.暨南大学口腔医学院，广州 510641
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.220
  CLC：
- Received：05 August 2025，
  
  Accepted：12 September 2025，
  
  Published Online：19 November 2025，
  
  Published：20 December 2025
- 稿件说明：
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冯琦, 黄跃, 曹晓东. 水凝胶3D生物打印：打印技术与水凝胶适配性设计. 高分子通报, 2025, 38(12), 1721–1753.

Feng, Q.; Huang, Y.; Cao, X. D. 3D Bioprinting hydrogel: from printing technology to hydrogel adaptability design. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2025, 38(12), 1721–1753.
冯琦, 黄跃, 曹晓东. 水凝胶3D生物打印：打印技术与水凝胶适配性设计. 高分子通报, 2025, 38(12), 1721–1753. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.220.

Feng, Q.; Huang, Y.; Cao, X. D. 3D Bioprinting hydrogel: from printing technology to hydrogel adaptability design. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2025, 38(12), 1721–1753. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.220.

摘要

3D生物打印能够将由计算机辅助设计生成的三维虚拟模型转化为实体类组织/器官。水凝胶是3D打印中应用最广泛的墨水材料。快速发展的3D打印技术与有限的可打印水凝胶体系之间的矛盾，使得水凝胶墨水的设计与开发成为研究热点。本综述重点介绍3D生物打印技术以及水凝胶适配性设计，涵盖了挤出式生物打印(extrusion bioprinting)、光刻基生物打印(lithography-based bioprinting)、喷墨生物打印(inkjet bioprinting)和4D打印(4D printing)在内的3D生物打印技术及其水凝胶墨水针对性设计策略，并对墨水材料的物理/化学性能的可定制性设计进行了全面讨论。此外，简要概述了水凝胶3D生物打印在组织工程、类器官、软体机器人和柔性可穿戴电子设备等方面的应用，还对水凝胶3D生物打印的未来发展方向进行了展望。本综述以系统总结水凝胶3D打印技术及其墨水材料适配性设计为核心目标，将为水凝胶墨水设计提供理论指导，推动新型墨水材料研发。

Abstract

3D bioprinting has the ability to convert a three-dimensional virtual model into a tissue/organ-like structure. Hydrogels are the most prevalently used ink materials in 3D printing. The disparity between the rapidly advancing 3D printing technology and the restricted printable hydrogel systems has rendered the development of hydrogel inks a focal point of research. This review centers on 3D bioprinting technology and the compatibility design of hydrogels. It encompasses various 3D bioprinting techniques

such as extrusion bioprinting

lithography-based bioprinting

inkjet bioprinting

and 4D printing

along with the targeted design strategies for their respective hydrogel inks. A comprehensive exploration of the customizable design of the physical and chemical properties of ink materials is presented. Furthermore

this review briefly delineates the applications of 3D bioprinting hydrogel in tissue engineering

organoids

soft robots

and flexible wearable electronic devices. It also offers insights into the future development trajectories of 3D bioprinting hydrogel. With the primary aim of systematically summarizing 3D printing hydrogel technology and the compatibility design of its ink materials

this review aims to provide theoretical guidance for the design of hydrogel inks and facilitate the research and development of novel ink materials.

关键词

Keywords

references

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