Research Progress of Flame-retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foam Insulation Materials

WANG Zhe; WU Ning-jing

doi:10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.087

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Research Progress of Flame-retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foam Insulation Materials

更新时间：2026-07-27

- Research Progress of Flame-retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foam Insulation Materials
- Polymer Bulletin Vol. 39, Issue 8, Pages: 1279-1291(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  青岛科技大学高分子科学与工程学院橡塑材料与工程教育重点实验室　青岛 266042
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.087
  CLC：
- Received：31 March 2026，
  
  Accepted：01 June 2026，
  
  Online First：20 July 2026，
  
  Published：20 August 2026
- 稿件说明：
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王喆, 吴宁晶. 阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫保温材料研究进展. 高分子通报, 2026, 39(8), 1279–1291.

Wang, Z.; Wu, N. J . Research progress of flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam insulation materials. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2026, 39(8), 1279–1291.
王喆, 吴宁晶. 阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫保温材料研究进展. 高分子通报, 2026, 39(8), 1279–1291. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.087.

Wang, Z.; Wu, N. J . Research progress of flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam insulation materials. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2026, 39(8), 1279–1291. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.087.

摘要

硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)是建筑与工业保温的关键材料，但其由碳、氢、氧元素构成的分子结构使其具有易燃性，带来显著火灾风险，因此发展环境友好型的阻燃技术至关重要。本文综述了主流保温材料的性能特点，明确RPUF在轻质高效保温方面的综合优势。系统分析了RPUF的三大环境友好型的阻燃策略：添加型、反应型与涂层型，阐明其作用机理并比较了前两者的优缺点，涂层型作为新型改性手段在克服传统方法局限方面的独特价值。重点介绍了包括层层自组装、水凝胶、气凝胶、热固化、光固化等在内的涂层实现途径，概述其制备方法、作用机制及研究进展。最后，对高性能多功能一体化涂层、绿色体系及智能响应技术等未来发展前景进行了展望。

Abstract

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is a key material for thermal insulation in construction and industry. However

its molecular structure

which comprises carbon

hydrogen

and oxygen

renders it flammable

posing significant fire risks. Therefore

the development of flame-retardant technologies is crucial for ensuring safety. This paper reviews the performance characteristics of mainstream insulation materials and clarifies the comprehensive advantages of RPUF in terms of lightweight and high-efficiency insulation. This review systematically analyzes the three major flame-retardant strategies for RPUF-additive

reactive

and coating types-elucidates their mechanisms of action

and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the first two. Simultaneously

it highlights the unique value of the coating type as an emerging modification method to overcome the limitations of traditional approaches. This review introduces coating implementation methods

including layer-by-layer self-assembly

hydrogels

aerogels

thermal curing

and photocuring

and summarizes their preparation methods

mechanisms of action

and research progress. Finally

we look forward to the future development prospects of high-performance multifunctional integrated coatings

green systems

and intelligent response technologies.

关键词

Keywords

references

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