The conducting polymers with the nanostructure are clearly advantageous over their conventional counterparts because of their huge surface area

small size and quantum effects. Conductive polymer nanomaterials have a promise in biomedical application on the basis of the fact that neural tissue is sensitive to electric field and electrical stimulation.This article reviews various methods for synthesis of conducting polymers with nanostructure and their applications in biomedical field

focusing on hard-template

soft-template

template-free synthesis

and the formation mechanism of conducting polymer nanostructures by these methods. The potential of the conducting polymers with the nanostructures

such as nanotubes

nanowires

and nanoparticles

as nerve electrode coating materials and biological sensors are also summarized.