网络效应和界面效应对聚合物纳米复合物力学性能的影响

鞠维龙; 姚晔; 苏允兰; 王笃金

doi:10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.25.361

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网络效应和界面效应对聚合物纳米复合物力学性能的影响

综述 | 更新时间：2026-03-21

- 网络效应和界面效应对聚合物纳米复合物力学性能的影响
- Effects of Network Structure and Interfacial Interaction on Mechanical Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites
- 高分子通报 2026年39卷第4期页码：545-558
- 作者机构：
  
  中国科学院化学研究所中国科学院工程塑料重点实验室北京分子科学国家研究中心　北京 100190
  中国科学院大学　北京 100049
- 作者简介：
  
  ylsu@iccas.ac.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.25.361
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-12-09，
  
  录用：2026-01-22，
  
  网络首发：2026-03-11，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-20
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
鞠维龙, 姚晔, 苏允兰, 王笃金. 网络效应和界面效应对聚合物纳米复合物力学性能的影响. 高分子通报, 2026, 39(4), 545–558.

Ju, W. L.; Yao, Y.; Su, Y. L.; Wang, D. J. Effects of network structure and interfacial interaction on mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2026, 39(4), 545–558.
鞠维龙, 姚晔, 苏允兰, 王笃金. 网络效应和界面效应对聚合物纳米复合物力学性能的影响. 高分子通报, 2026, 39(4), 545–558. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.25.361.

Ju, W. L.; Yao, Y.; Su, Y. L.; Wang, D. J. Effects of network structure and interfacial interaction on mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2026, 39(4), 545–558. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.25.361.

摘要

由于聚合物纳米复合物在理论上能够完美结合无机纳米粒子与有机聚合物基体的双重优势，因而可以实现比传统高分子材料更加优异的光学、电学、力学等性能，从而广泛应用于各个工程领域。其中，力学性能是实现上述多功能化应用的基础。由于纳米粒子具备突出的刚性和比表面积，向聚合物基体中引入纳米粒子被认为是改善聚合物纳米复合物拉伸性能的有效方法。然而，复杂的影响因素导致至今尚未完整建立复合体系相互作用与拉伸性能之间的直接关系。本文从粒子–粒子相互作用和粒子–聚合物相互作用出发，系统总结了纳米粒子网络效应和界面效应等因素对聚合物纳米复合物拉伸强度与断裂伸长率(延展性)之间动态平衡的影响。旨在帮助研究者们加深对构效关系的理解，在主动构筑微观结构的基础上实现兼具高强度高延展性聚合物纳米复合物的制备。

Abstract

Compared with traditional polymer materials

polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) show significant promise for combining the dual advantages of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) and organic polymer matrices

which exhibit superior optical

electrical

and mechanical properties compared with traditional polymer materials. Consequently

PNCs have been utilized in a wide range of engineering fields. Among these properties

mechanical performance is the foundation for enabling multifunctional applications. Owing to their high stiffness and specific surface area

the incorporation of NPs is an effective method for enhancing the tensile properties of PNCs. However

the complex factors influencing these nanocomposites have hindered the establishment of a comprehensive direct relationship between intermolecular interactions and tensile performance. This review systematically summarizes the effect of nanoparticle networks and interfacial interactions on the dynamic balance between tensile strength and ductility in PNCs from the perspectives of particle-particle and particle-polymer interactions. By providing a deeper understanding of the structure-property relationships

this study aims to guide the rational design of microstructures for fabricating high-performance PNCs that simultaneously possess both high strength and high ductility.

关键词

Keywords

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