分子量对尼龙12拉伸过程中结构演变的影响

薛志荣; 杜广策; 胡鸿; 付琳; 范安承; 扈健; 薛美玲

doi:10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.094

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分子量对尼龙12拉伸过程中结构演变的影响

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-07-16

- 分子量对尼龙12拉伸过程中结构演变的影响
- Effect of Molecular Weight on Structural Evolution During the Tensile Process of Nylon 12
- 高分子通报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  青岛科技大学高分子科学与工程学院　青岛 266042
- 作者简介：
  
  HuJian@qust.edu.cn
  meilingxue2003@163.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(51673104)
- DOI：10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.094
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-04-09，
  
  录用：2026-05-20，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-09，
- 稿件说明：
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薛志荣, 杜广策, 胡鸿, 付琳, 范安承, 扈健, 薛美玲. 分子量对尼龙12拉伸过程中结构演变的影响. 高分子通报, 2026, 39(8), 1424–1432.

Xue, Z. R.; Du, G. C.; Hu, H.; Fu, L.; Fan, A. C.; Hu, J.; Xue, M. L. Effect of molecular weight on structural evolution during the tensile process of nylon 12. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2026, 39(8), 1424–1432.
薛志荣, 杜广策, 胡鸿, 付琳, 范安承, 扈健, 薛美玲. 分子量对尼龙12拉伸过程中结构演变的影响. 高分子通报, 2026, 39(8), 1424–1432. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.094.

Xue, Z. R.; Du, G. C.; Hu, H.; Fu, L.; Fan, A. C.; Hu, J.; Xue, M. L. Effect of molecular weight on structural evolution during the tensile process of nylon 12. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2026, 39(8), 1424–1432. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.094.

摘要

采用广角X-ray衍射(WAXD)实时跟踪了分子量不同的2种尼龙12树脂拉伸过程中的结构演变。结果表明，2种树脂在拉伸初始均为

晶。当拉伸应变(

)为20%时，垂直于拉伸方向的(001)面和平行于拉伸方向(020)面的晶面间距

(001)

和

(020)

开始变小。30%

≤50%时，

(001)

和

(020)

随

增加分别呈现明显下降和急剧下降的趋势。

为50%~60%时，

值出现低谷区，此时(001)面附近出现过渡相

''的弱衍射，表明原

晶被破坏。60%

≤80%应变时，

''衍射信号随应变增加逐渐变弱，而

(001)

和

(020)

却急剧增大，X-ray相对结晶度也随应变急剧提高，表明

''逐渐被破坏或调整，取而代之的是一种更适应拉伸外力的介晶相逐渐构筑。低分子量树脂在相同应变下的结晶度更高，而且

''在更低的50%和80%应变时提前出现和消失，表明低分子量树脂促进了结构演变。

为90%时

''完全消失，拉伸趋于稳态且分子链沿拉伸方向高度取向。相同应变下低分子量树脂

(001)

和

(020)

分别明显高于和低于相应的高分子量树脂，且低分子量树脂显著促进了

(001)

和明显促进了

(020)

随拉伸应变的变化过程。拉伸前后高分子量和低分子量树脂的相对结晶度分别提高约7.6%和10%。

Abstract

The structural evolution of nylon 12 resins with different molecular weights during uniaxial stretching was tracked in real time using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The results indicate that the nylon 12 resins initially exhibit

-crystals at the beginning of stretching. When the tensile strain (

) reached 20%

the interplanar spacings

(001)

perpendicular to the stretching direction and

(020)

parallel to the stretching direction began to decrease. When 30%

≤ 50%

(001)

and

(020)

decrease significantly and sharply

respectively. When

is 50%−60%

the d-values reach a trough region

and a weak

diffraction of the transitional phase

'' appears near the (001) plane

indicating that the original

crystal was destroyed. When 60%

≤ 80%

the

'' diffraction gradually weakens with increasing strain

while

(001)

and

(020)

increase sharply

and the relative crystallinity by X-ray also increases rapidly with strain

indicating that the

'' phase is gradually destroyed or rearranged

replaced by a mesomorphous phase that progressively adapts better to tensile stress. The low-molecular-weight resin exhibited higher crystallinity under the same strain

and it caused the

'' phase to appear and disappear earlier at lower strains of 50% and 80%

respectively

indicating that the low-molecular-weight resin promotes structural evolution. At 90% strain

the

'' phase completely disappeared

and stretching reached a steady state

with the molecular chains highly oriented along the stretching direction. Moreover

under the same strain

the

(001)

and

(020)

of the low-molecular-weight resin are clearly higher and lower than those of the corresponding high-molecular-weight resin

respectively

and the low-molecular-weight resin significantly promotes the variations of

(001)

and

(020)

with tensile strain. The relative crystallinities of the high- and low-molecular-weight resins increased by approximately 7.6% and 10% after stretching

respectively.

关键词

Keywords

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