This paper summarized the current experimental and theoretical progresses on the phenomenon of the translocation of single polymer chain from a nanopore located in a membrane. The related discussions are presented on the Mean First-Passage Time which is the interests in both the theories and experiments. In detail

the effects of some factors on the translocation were considered

which involved the thickness of the membrane

membrane curvature

the solvent effects

the configuration of the single polymer chain and the interaction between the polymer chains

and so on. Meanwhile

we also investigated the corresponding applications

and analysed the experimental results

analytical and simulative results proposed by a few research groups. The attempt was made to launch the research in related fields.