With the increased incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases

vascular transplantation has been becoming an important approach to deal with the related issues. The small-diameter vascular grafts prepared by electrospinning

which can mimic natural extracellular matrix

are beneficial to cell adhesion and proliferation. Additionally

electrospun fibers can effectively load bioactive substances such as growth factors

peptides and miRNAs

thereby achieving the functions of local delivery and controlled release. This review focuses on the recent achievements in preparation of electrospun vascular grafts loading with bioactive substances for enhancing small-diameter vascular regeneration.