Membrane separation technology is a very popular water treatment technology in the 21st century
which has great potential application due to its high-efficiency
energy saving
good selectivity and easy operation. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes have become an important development direction of membrane separation technology because of their distinctive characteristics such as high porosity
uniform pore size
large specific surface area and easy preparation. In this article
we summarize the synthesis principles
structure design
and properties of various electrospinning nanofiber materials including one-dimensional nanostructures
core-shell or hollow structure
and hierarchical structure. Furthermore
we focus on recent progress on the research development and application status of electrospinning nanofibers based on natural polymers in the fields of adsorption and filtration of heavy metals and dyes
oil-water separation and sea water desalination. Meanwhile
we prospect the development trends and research directions of electrospun bio-based nanofibrous membranes for water treatment.