最新刊期
卷 35 ， 期 4 ， 2022
- 摘要：Plastics have been applied in all aspects of human life and modern industry. The "white pollution" of waste plastics caused by the large-scale use of plastic products has become a central issue for all walks of life. This paper reviews the origin, development, and significance of plastics. By interpretating the basic science of plastic degradation (degradable plastics), expressions related to disposable plastic products have been clarified. The author proposes that the expression "ban on non-degradable disposable plastic products" is accurate and scientific, while arbitrarily rewriting it as "ban on disposable non-degradable plastic products" is unprofessional, wrong, and should be corrected. Moreover, the author puts forwards that the origin of "white pollution" concept is related to the recycling and treatment methods of waste plastics. The bad reputation of plastics aroused from "white pollution" is not only related to the light and thin characteristics of plastics, but also related to the norms of human behavior and social ethics. It is fair to claim that the "white pollution" stigma should not be attached to plastics if they were not used as good and cheap disposable products, especially if they were not discarded indiscriminately after use. Along with the gradual implementation of the ban on nondegradable disposable plastic products, the author advocates transformative ways for plastics use, including reduction and restriction in the production and use of disposable plastics, promotion of the multiple use and long-term use of plastics, and acceleration of the orderly recycling of disposable plastics. Furthermore, the author proposes new concepts of initiated/ switchable degradation and controlled/programmable degradation. Lastly, the author emphasizes the significance and urgency to develop high-performance and multi-functional plastics, particularly the bottleneck of high-end materials, which should be complementary to non-petroleum-based and bio-based polymer materials.关键词：Plastics;Disposable products;Degradation/non-degradation;Petroleum-based;"White pollution"
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：Aerogel material is a porous material composed of polymer molecular chains or nanoparticles. It has the characteristics of low density, high pore volume, high porosity and large specific surface area. It exhibits excellent properties of light, heat, sound, electricity and mechanics. Aerogel lightweight materials can be a good substitute for metal materials, and have wide application prospects in the field of aeronautics and astronautics such as thermal insulation, electromagnetic shielding, energy storage and body skeleton. In this review, the latest research progress of aerogels and their applications in aeronautics and astronautics have been well summarized. The potential applications of aerogels in this field and the future development direction of aerogels are also prospected.关键词：Aerogels;Aerospace;Light weight;Thermal insulation;Electromagnetic shielding
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：Marine mussel-like organisms secrete adhesion proteins through foot filaments that can solidify for a short time in a humid environment and adhere tightly to the substrate surface. Studies have shown that 3,4-dihydroxy-Lphenylalanine (dopa, DOPA) is an important component of this adhesion protein. Dopamine (DA), a derivative of DOPA, possessed the same strong adhesion properties. Moreover, the self-polymerization product of dopamine, polydopamine (PDA), has many functional groups, such as catechol, amine, and imine, which can be further used as reactive groups in materials. Based on these excellent properties, dopamine is often applied in the surface modification of materials. In this paper, we reviewed the polymerization mechanism and adhesion properties of dopamine and their current applications in the fields of biomaterials, environment and medicine, and presented the prospect of dopamine in surface modification and the problems at the present stage.关键词：Adhesion protein;Dopamine;Adherence;Surface modification
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：Phthalonitrile resin is a kind of high-performance and high-temperature resistant thermosetting resin terminated with the phthalonitrile structure, which has excellent thermal oxygen stability, flame retardancy, mechanical strength, low water absorption, low thermal expansion coefficient and dielectric constant. It can be used to prepare advanced composite matrix materials, coatings, adhesives, etc., and has been widely used in aviation technology, electronics, machinery, military and other fields. In this paper, the structures of phthalonitrile resin, the types of phthalonitrile monomer, curing agents, autocatalytic phthalonitrile, biological phthalonitrile and the modification methods of phthalonitrile resin were reviewed. The future research directions of phthalonitrile resin were prospected.关键词：Phthalonitrile resin;High-temperature resistance;Curing agent;Modification methods
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：Crossing linker was an indispensable component in the preparation of the hydrogel and its composition and structure influenced the properties and applications of hydrogels. Biodegradability and biocompatibility were essential properties of biomedical materials applied as drug carriers and tissue engineering scaffolds. The biodegradable agent as crossing linker could endow the hydrogel with biodegradability and biocompatibility and meet the requirements as biomedical materials. In this paper, the synthesis and application of natural and synthetic biodegradable polymer crossing linkers such as polysaccharide, polyester, poly(amino acid) were summarized. The development of the future biodegradable polymer crossing linker was also proposed.关键词：Biodegradability;Polymer crossing linker;Hydrogel
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：Marine mussel has mastered rapid and robust adhesion with diverse solid surfaces in wet/underwater conditions, due to dopa adhesion protein containing catechol group secreted by mussel. The mussel-inspired adhesives, which mimic the abundant dopa adhesion protein in mussels, can effectively bond to various substrates in dry/underwater conditions. In the last decade, many researchers have been devoted to synthesizing biomimetic polymer adhesives containing catechol structure, and to exploring the influence of polymer bulk and external environment on the adhesion properties of the adhesives. The recent research progress of mussel-inspired adhesives with catechol is reviewed from the aspect of adhesion mechanism and materials design.关键词：Dopa;Mussel-mimetic;Bonding;Adhesives
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：In this study, functionalized graphene composited phase change material microcapsules were designed and synthesized using n-octadecane (n-oct) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as core materials and shell materials, respectively, by one-step in-situ polymerization technology. The surface morphologies, phase change properties, crystallization structure and thermal stabilities of the microcapsules were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The results show that the prepared microcapsules are in a regular spherical shape and have dimples on the surface. The sizes of the prepared microcapsules are in the range of 1-200μm with an average diameter about 35μm. The functionalized graphene plays an important role in inducing the crystallization of phase change material microcapsules, decreasing the super-cooling degree of phase change material, but has little effect on the thermal stability of microcapsules. The minimum super-cooling degree of composited microcapsules can reach 2℃ and the thermal stability temperature can approach 178.1℃ when the addition of functionalized graphene is 0.3g.关键词：Polymethylmethacrylate;N-octadecane;Phase-change microcapsule;Super-cooling degree
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：In order to explore the adhesive water resistance of corn-stalk/HDPE composite with combined surface treatment, a combined treatment of polyisocyanate coating followed plasma discharge was used to deal with corn-stalk/ HDPE composite surface. The samples were bonded with moisture cure polyurethane hot melt adhesives, and waterresistant test was carried out afterwards. The results show that the surface properties of samples change obviously after combined treatment, which make the bonding strength of adhesive interface increased significantly. The combined-treated specimens have stronger ability to resist environmental water molecular damage, compared with the single coating-treated samples, and the adhesive joints show better water-resistance.关键词：Corn-stalk/HDPE composites;Combined surface treatment;Water resistant aging;Adhesive
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：Engineering mechanics is a basic course for students majoring in materials science. However, students for polymer specialty generally report that they cannot integrate this course into their professional knowledge, resulting in the failure to achieve the expected training objectives of this course. This paper analyzed this problem from two aspects: student, teaching materials and teachers. Then, from the perspective of teaching design, an example of the integration of engineering mechanics knowledge and polymer professional knowledge was introduced, so as to guide students to realize the relevance between this course and professional knowledge. As a result, students are aware of the organic integration between the course and polymer professional knowledge. It is expected to provide a reference for the teaching reform of the course applied mechanics for polymer specialty.关键词：Engineering mechanics;Polymer specialty;Teaching design
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：In view of the problems encountered in polymer basic experiment teaching in our university, including the lack of effective evaluation and assessment of the preview situation, the limitation of safety education in the classroom, and the difficulty in carrying out large-scale experimental teaching for some experimental projects in undergraduate majors, we are exploring a teaching mode of combining online-offline and "virtual-real" teaching to reform the polymer basic experiment course. By optimizing online teaching resources, and establishing a system of online preparatory assessment, the effective examination and scientific evaluation of learning is realized. Moreover, by using online-offline auxiliary, virtual-entity complementation, increasing self-designed experiments, and strengthening online safety education, this new teaching paradigm can not only break the original limitations but also improve the professionalism, connectivity, and interest of courses, as well as comprehensive experimental abilities for students.关键词：Polymer;Online and offline;Experimental reform;Virtual simulation
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：Online/offline hybrid courses, which bring information technology into the traditional teaching mode, represent the general trend of the teaching mode of 'Internet plus’ era. With the global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the development of large-scale online teaching has laid a broad foundation for the hybrid course. This paper introduces the construction practice of 'Polymer Physics’ online/offline hybrid course in NingboTech University from the aspects of teaching resource preparation, teaching design and organization, teaching management and evaluation, hoping to provide some experience for the innovation and promotion of the training mode of polymer professionals.关键词：Polymer Physics;Online/offline hybrid course;Internet plus;Online learning platform
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：In recent years, with the continuous development of double top construction, higher education pays more attention to the cultivation of college students' ability of innovation and entrepreneurship. Based on the background and requirement of the emerging engineering education construction and engineering education certification standards, this article takes the major of polymer materials and engineering in Sichuan university as an example to discuss the multi-level cultivation for students’ innovative ability and educational effectiveness by building the hierarchical culture steps in stages, fully implementing the "one-stop, the whole process" of tutorial system, creating the "coordination of undergraduate education and graduate education" of professional training model, and strengthen the practice ability. It provides ideas for training high-level engineering talents who are qualified for the development of new industries, showing a extensive demonstration and popularization value.关键词：Emerging engineering education construction;Polymer materials;Innovation and entrepreneurship ability;Talent cultivation
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：In this work, we took the design of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic formula as an example to explore the establishment of Outcome Based Education (OBE) mode via designing experiment of polymer processing, which combined the actual teaching of experiment of polymer forming processing and background of programmatic accreditation of engineering education in Anhui University. The results indicated that the implementation of the project cultivated the students' ability to verify the theories they have learned and to solve practical problems by using their theoretical knowledge, stimulated their spirits of independent thinking and the consciousness of self-innovation. Moreover, the project guided the students to conduct self-analysis and self-evaluation on the basis of a correct understanding of themselves, and thus their abilities of solving complex engineering problems in polymer material processing were developed.关键词：Poly(vinyl chloride);Designing experiment of moulding and processing;Outcome based education;Programmatic accreditation of engineering education
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发布时间：2022-09-09 - 摘要：In Chinese technology universities,the practice course plays a very important role in the process of teaching undergraduate students who are going to work in the industry, and the integration of production and education is a teaching model for in-depth cooperation between universities and enterprises. This article compares the shortcomings and the reform of practice mode under the background of production and education integration of Polymer Materials and Engineering majors in our university. By promoting the construction of application-oriented courses, highlighting the cultivation of engineering ability, constructing the practice training system of information management, and strengthening the engineering practice ability, we can cultivate applied undergraduate graduates. It can be expected that many local enterprises can finally benefit from our university in the future.关键词：Practice course;Teaching reform;Integration of production and education;Polymer materials
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发布时间：2022-09-09
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