水凝胶取向结构构筑方法及响应变形行为的研究进展

倪雅璐; 吴宝意; 赵骞

doi:10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.222

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水凝胶取向结构构筑方法及响应变形行为的研究进展

高分子水凝胶专题 | 更新时间：2025-12-05

- 水凝胶取向结构构筑方法及响应变形行为的研究进展
- Recent Advances in Programmable Shape-morphing of Stimuli-responsive Hydrogels with Oriented Structure
- 高分子通报 2025年38卷第12期页码：1754-1775
- 作者机构：
  
  浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院，杭州 310058
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: qianzhao@zju.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(52525312;52273112)
- DOI：10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.222
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-08-07，
  
  录用：2025-09-16，
  
  网络出版：2025-11-12，
  
  纸质出版：2025-12-20
- 稿件说明：
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倪雅璐, 吴宝意, 赵骞. 水凝胶取向结构构筑方法及响应变形行为的研究进展. 高分子通报, 2025, 38(12), 1754–1775.

Ni, Y. L.; Wu, B. Y.; Zhao, Q. Recent advances in programmable shape-morphing of stimuli-responsive hydrogels with oriented structure. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2025, 38(12), 1754–1775.
倪雅璐, 吴宝意, 赵骞. 水凝胶取向结构构筑方法及响应变形行为的研究进展. 高分子通报, 2025, 38(12), 1754–1775. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.222.

Ni, Y. L.; Wu, B. Y.; Zhao, Q. Recent advances in programmable shape-morphing of stimuli-responsive hydrogels with oriented structure. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2025, 38(12), 1754–1775. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.222.

摘要

智能变形水凝胶是一类能够感知外界环境并做出形态响应变化的刺激响应材料。近年来，国内外研究人员通过构筑各向异性结构，成功实现了水凝胶的多模式、可编程的变形行为，提升了其变形可控性与复杂度，并探索了其在植入器件、智能设备以及软体机器等方面的前沿应用。在相关变形调控机制中，基于取向结构调控变形行为的策略，在变形模式编程和变形速度提升等方面展现出了独特的优势。本文结合该领域的最新进展，从纳米复合结构、聚集态结构以及网络链段三个方面系统地总结了取向水凝胶制备策略间的差异与特点。随后，重点探讨了取向结构在编程水凝胶变形行为中的机理与影响。最后，梳理了取向水凝胶在软体机器人和生物传感领域的典型应用，并展望了其面临的机遇与挑战。

Abstract

Stimuli-responsive shape-changing hydrogels can undergo shape transformation upon environmental changes. Various strategies have recently been successfully developed to achieve multi-mode and complex shape-morphing by constructing structural anisotropy

thus enhancing material capabilities. Subsequently

advanced applications of these hydrogels in various fields

such as implantable devices

smart devices

and soft robots

have been explored. Among the existing shape-morphing mechanisms

programming oriented structures showcases distinct advantages

particularly in terms of transformation modes and actuation speed. Based on the latest achievements in the field

we provide a detailed comparison of the differences between existing strategies

including nanocomposites

aggregation

and chain orientation

along with their fabrication methods. The mechanisms and effects of these orientation strategies on programmable shape-morphing are then discussed. Finally

the applications of oriented hydrogels in soft robotics and bioelectronics are summarized

and future opportunities and challenges are discussed.

关键词

Keywords

references

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