高强韧水凝胶纤维研究进展

马萁; 李维政; 严锋

doi:10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.305

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高强韧水凝胶纤维研究进展

综述 | 更新时间：2026-01-16

- 高强韧水凝胶纤维研究进展
- Research Progress on High-strength and High-toughness Hydrogel Fibers
- 高分子通报 2026年39卷第1期页码：153-177
- 作者机构：
  
  苏州大学材料与化学化工学部　苏州 215123
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: wzli@suda.edu.cn
  E-mail: fyan@suda.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(52333002;22522508;52403166);江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项基金(BK20220007);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20240823)
- DOI：10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.305
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-10-20，
  
  录用：2025-11-19，
  
  网络出版：2025-12-22，
  
  纸质出版：2026-01-20
- 稿件说明：
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马萁, 李维政, 严锋. 高强韧水凝胶纤维研究进展. 高分子通报, 2026, 39(1), 153–177.

Ma, Q.; Li, W. Z.; Yan, F. Research progress on high-strength and high-toughness hydrogel fibers. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2026, 39(1), 153–177.
马萁, 李维政, 严锋. 高强韧水凝胶纤维研究进展. 高分子通报, 2026, 39(1), 153–177. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.305.

Ma, Q.; Li, W. Z.; Yan, F. Research progress on high-strength and high-toughness hydrogel fibers. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2026, 39(1), 153–177. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2025.25.305.

摘要

水凝胶纤维是以水凝胶为基体、呈纤维形态的一类智能材料，其融合了水凝胶材料的高含水量、生物相容性等多元特性，以及纤维结构所特有的优异力学延展性与可编织性。随着新一代柔性电子、智能传感及可穿戴器件向轻量化、高柔性、长服役寿命方向快速迭代，对水凝胶纤维的力学强度、韧性及结构稳定性也提出了更高要求。本文首先综述了高强度高韧性水凝胶纤维的常用制备方法；其次，系统分析了调控水凝胶纤维机械性能的主要策略，包括化学交联、物理交联以及微观有序结构的构建等；随后，介绍了高强韧水凝胶纤维在柔性电子、高性能光纤、智能纺织品和阻尼纱线等领域的应用；最后，对高强度高韧性水凝胶纤维未来发展所面临的挑战与机遇进行了展望。

Abstract

Hydrogel fibers are hydrogel-based smart materials with fiber morphologies. They integrate the diverse properties of hydrogel materials

such as high water content and biocompatibility

with the exceptional mechanical properties and wearability inherent to fibrous structures. With the new generation of flexible electronics

smart sensors

and wearable devices rapidly evolving towards lightweight

highly flexible

and long-service-life designs

higher demands are required on the mechanical strength

toughness

and structural stability of hydrogel fibers. This paper first reviews the common preparation methods for high-strength

high-toughness hydrogel fibers. Subsequently

it systematically analyzes the major strategies for regulating the mechanical properties of hydrogel fibers

including chemical cross-linking

physical cross-linking

and the construction of micro-ordered structures. Subsequently

it introduces the applications of high-strength

high-toughness hydrogel fibers in fields such as flexible electronics

high-performance optical fibers

smart textiles

and damping yarns. Finally

the challenges and opportunities for the future development of high-strength

high-toughness hydrogel fibers are discussed.

关键词

Keywords

references

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