植酸金属盐与膨胀型阻燃剂对聚甲醛阻燃性能的协同效应

黄达; 鲁世科; 张明瑛; 张登辉; 李建通; 徐元清; 房晓敏

doi:10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.067

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植酸金属盐与膨胀型阻燃剂对聚甲醛阻燃性能的协同效应

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-07-06

- 植酸金属盐与膨胀型阻燃剂对聚甲醛阻燃性能的协同效应
- Synergistic Effect of Phytic Acid Metal Salts and Intumescent Flame Retardants on the Flame Retardancy of Polyoxymethylene
- 高分子通报 2026年39卷第7期页码：1228-1238
- 作者机构：
  
  河南大学化学与分子科学学院　开封 475004
  河南省功能材料与催化反应工程研究中心　开封 475004
- 作者简介：
  
  jiantongli@163.com
  xmfang@henu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.067
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-03-23，
  
  录用：2026-04-14，
  
  网络首发：2026-06-04，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-20
- 稿件说明：
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黄达, 鲁世科, 张明瑛, 张登辉, 李建通, 徐元清, 房晓敏. 植酸金属盐与膨胀型阻燃剂对聚甲醛阻燃性能的协同效应. 高分子通报, 2026, 39(7), 1228–1238.

Huang, D.; Lu, S. K.; Zhang, M. Y.; Zhang, D. H.; Li, J. T.; Xu, Y. Q.; Fang, X. M. Synergistic effect of phytic acid metal salts and intumescent flame retardants on the flame retardancy of polyoxymethylene. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2026, 39(7), 1228–1238.
黄达, 鲁世科, 张明瑛, 张登辉, 李建通, 徐元清, 房晓敏. 植酸金属盐与膨胀型阻燃剂对聚甲醛阻燃性能的协同效应. 高分子通报, 2026, 39(7), 1228–1238. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.067.

Huang, D.; Lu, S. K.; Zhang, M. Y.; Zhang, D. H.; Li, J. T.; Xu, Y. Q.; Fang, X. M. Synergistic effect of phytic acid metal salts and intumescent flame retardants on the flame retardancy of polyoxymethylene. Polym. Bull. (in Chinese), 2026, 39(7), 1228–1238. DOI： 10.14028/j.cnki.1003-3726.2026.26.067.

摘要

采用聚磷酸铵(APP)基膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR)为主阻燃剂、植酸金属盐(PAMs)为协效剂阻燃改性聚甲醛(POM)，评估阻燃POM复合材料的阻燃性能与力学性能，并综合运用热重分析、锥形量热及拉曼光谱等，系统探究其阻燃作用机制。结果表明，PAMs/IFR协效改性聚甲醛表现出优异的阻燃性能，其中植酸镁(PAMg)和植酸锰(PAMn)的效果较好，当其添加1 wt%时，阻燃POM复合材料阻燃等级达到V-1级，LOI提高至52.0%。进一步分析发现，PAMs和IFR的复配比例对复合材料的阻燃性能具有显著影响，当添加5 wt% PAMn与25 wt% IFR时，阻燃等级达到V-0级，同时LOI达到最高值61.3%，而总热释放量(THR)比纯POM下降64.5%，比不含协效剂的POM/IFR体系下降47.2%。PAMs/IFR协效阻燃聚甲醛呈现出以凝聚相阻燃为主，兼有气相协同的阻燃机制，同时PAMs与IFR合适的复配使阻燃POM复合材料维持较高的力学性能。

Abstract

Polyoxymethylene (POM) was modified with ammonium polyphosphate (APP)-based intumescent flame retardant (IFR) as the main flame retardant and metal phosphate salts (PAMs) as the synergist. The flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the fabricated POM composites were evaluated

and the underlying flame-retardant mechanism was systematically elucidated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

cone calorimetry

and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that PAM/IFR co-modified POM exhibited excellent flame retardancy

with magnesium phosphate (PAMg) and manganese phosphate (PAMn) exhibiting optimal synergistic performance. At a loading of only 1 wt%

PAMg/PAMn endowed the POM composite with a V-1 flame retardant rating and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 52.0%. Further investigation revealed that the PAMs/IFR mass ratio significantly affected the flame retardancy of the composites. The optimal formulation (5 wt% PAMn + 25 wt% IFR) enabled the composite to achieve a V-0 flame retardant rating and a maximum LOI of 61.3%

along with a 64.5% reduction in total heat release (THR) relative to neat POM and a 47.2% reduction compared to the POM/IFR binary system. The flame-retardant mechanism of the PAMs/IFR system in POM was dominated by condensed-phase action

accompanied by a synergistic gas-phase effect. Moreover

the rational matching of PAMs and IFR allowed the flame-retardant POM composites to maintain favorable mechanical properties.

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