最新刊期
卷 31 ， 期 6 ， 2018
- 摘要：Polycarbazoles with rigid main chains and electron-rich conjugated systems are beneficial to form permanent porous materials with intrinsic photoelectric properties. Conjugated porous polycarbazoles generally have large specific surface area, permanent pore structure, high thermal and chemical stability. The research of porous polycarbazoles are focused on the structure design, synthetic methods, and exploration of novel applications. Different building units influence the structure and properties of materials. The representative preparation method for conjugated porous polycarbazoles is the oxidation coupling reaction including chemical and electrochemical polymerization. Based on this review, the insight into the recent research progress on the synthetic methods and functions of conjugated porous polycarbazoles via oxidative coupling polymerization can be afford, which show potential applications in storage and separation, catalysis, sensors and electronics.关键词：Conjugated polymers;Polycarbazoles;Porous polymers;Oxidative coupling polymerization
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Hypercrosslinked microporous polymers (HCPs) have attracted great attention due to their high surface areas, mild synthetic conditions, abundant building blocks, low cost and easily attainable catalysts. In recent years, knitting strategy with external cross-linker has become a primary method for the preparation of HCPs as a sort of simple, effective and new synthetic strategy. HCPs with high surface areas and tunable porous structures can be prepared by knitting low functionality aromatic compounds, which further expands the range of monomer, eliminates the hazards of by-products and provides possibility to produce large-scale and low cost HCPs. In this review, we summarized novel and general synthetic strategies for the design and synthesis of HCPs. The morphology control of HCPs and applications including gas storage and capture, catalysis, removal of pollutants, drug delivery, energy storage, chromatographic separation, sensing and carbon precursor were also discussed. Finally, we talk about the problems and challenges in the future as well as predict the further development of knitting strategy.关键词：Knitting strategy;External crosslinking;Hypercrosslinked microporous polymers(HCPs)
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) are polymers, including ionic liquid (IL) moiety in repeating units, which combine the stability of polymer and the excellent properties of ILs. More recently, porous PILs, combining the advantages of functional IL units with porous structure, have showed wide applications in polymer chemistry, organic chemistry, electrochemistry and energy science fields. This review focused on the preparation of porous PILs and their applications in smart responsive materials, wastewater treatment materials, high efficiency catalysis, porous carbon materials and biomedical materials.关键词：Poly(ionic liquid)s;Porous materials;Responsive materials;Catalysts
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Porous organic polymers (POPs), which were constructed by covalently bonded pure organic molecular building blocks, were a newly-emerging class of material with high surface area, abundant pore structure, low framework density and good heat stability in recent years. On the other hand, N, P-based ligands have widely applications in homogeneous transition metal complexes catalyzed reactions such as hydroformylation reaction, coupling reaction, hydrogenation reaction, hydrosilylation reaction and CO2 cycloaddition reaction. The yield and selectivity of target products can be effectively controlled by appropriate design and modification of N, P-based ligands with specific electronic and steric effects. Thanks to the diversity of organic synthesis strategies, POPs possess abundant synthesis and construction routes and the specific functional sites can be conveniently introduced into the skeleton of POPs, which provide great perspectives and opportunities for heterogenisation of N, P ligands based homogeneous transition metal complexes catalysts. This paper briefly summarizes the contributions on "design and synthesis of N, P-based POPs and their applications in heterougeneous catalysis" made by domestic and foreign research colleagues and our group, and provides a future prospect of industrial application of N, P-based POPs.关键词：Heterogeneous catalysis;Porous organic ligands (POLs);N;P-Ligands based complex catalysts;Porous organic polymers (POPs)
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：On the basis of successful preparation of powdery polystyrene aerogel (PPA), the influential factors on the nanostructure of PPA, for example, the structure of PSDVB nanospheres and the Friedel-Crafts hypercrosslinking conditions have been systematically investigated. The as-obtained PPA appears a hierarchical porous structure with 3D interconnected nano-networks comprising numerous nanospheres. The BET specific surface areas and total volume of PPA can be well controlled from 201m2·g-1 to 702m2·g-1, and from 0.16cm3·g-1 to 1.29cm3·g-1, respectively. Benefiting from the well-developed pore structure and strong hydrophobicity, PPA exhibits good adsorption performance towards methyl red in oily octane and methylene blue in water, respectively.关键词：Powdery polystyrene aerogel;Hierarchical porous structure;Structural control;Liquid-phase adsorption
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are attracting increasing attention due to their potential applications in areas such as gas adsorption, separation, energy storage, chemical sensing, heterogeneous catalysis and photocatalysis. Two sulphur-containing CMPs have been synthesized via Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction. The two CMPs show high chemical stability, high thermal stability, high degree of microporosity, decent specific surface areas and appropriate optical band gaps for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Photocatalytic water-splitting hydrogen evolution rates of the CMPs were studied and they could both produce hydrogen under visible light irradiation. SCMP-1 exhibits higher hydrogen evolution rate of 194μmol·g-1·h-1 under visible light (λ=420nm). This result demonstrates that photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate could be tuned by changing electronegativity of the functional groups in the CMPs.关键词：Conjugated microporous polymers;Band gap;Photocatalysis
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Two different activation methods, conventional solvent exchange-vacuum heat treatment and supercritical carbon dioxide exchange, were used to activate PPN-1 to get the corresponding samples, CON-PPN-1 and SC-PPN-1. Compared with CON-PPN-1, color and morphology of SC-PPN-1 changed much. Porosity and adsorption property of the two samples were further characterized by FT-IR、13C-NMR、SEM and N2 sorption. Gas sorption experiments revealed that SC-PPN-1 has a higher surface area up to 2052m2·g-1, about 18% rise than 1744m2·g-1 of CON-PPN-1. In addition, there is an obvious increase of adsorption capacity of hydrogen and carbon dioxide in SC-PPN-1.关键词：Porous polymer networks;Traditional activation;Supercritical carbon dioxide;Surface area;Gas uptake
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：In recent years, microporous organic polymers (MOPs) has become one of the research hotspot in chemistry, materials and environmental fields. The versatile synthetic methodology, the controllable pore structure and easy modification significantly accelerate their development. MOPs based on 1,3,5-trazine exhibit excellent chemical and thermal stabilities, and the nitrogen-rich high polarble structure edows them with better adsorption and selectivity tawords the adsorbed molecules. Triazine-based MOPs appear to be very promising for matrix materials for heterogeneous catalysis, drug delivery, optoelectronic devices, supercapacitors, wastewater purification, membranes and gas sorbents. Here we summarizes the synthesis and applications of triazine-based MOPs. We focus on rational design, pore engineering and the structure-electrochemical property relationship, and also prospects their future development of triazine-based MOPs targeted for the utilities for chemical industry, environment protection and energy production.关键词：Covalent triazine framework;Microporous organic polymers;Gas separation;Electrochemistry
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Porous polyelectrolytes synergistically combine electrostatic charge and high specific surface area, which has important applications in energy, environment, biomedicine and other fields and has been rapidly developed in recent years. Due to its charge and hydrophilicity, methods for preparation of porous polyelectrolytes differ from the traditional porous polymers, and also exhibits unique properties. This review summarizes methods for the preparation of porous polyelectrolytes, including layer-by-layer assembly, block copolymer polyelectrolytes self-assembly, counter anion exchange, poor solvent electrostatic complex, and its applications in environment, energy, biomedicine and catalyst. Lastly, the future research of porous polyelectrolytes is briefly discussed.关键词：Porous polymer;Polyelectrolytes;Ionic liquid;Self-assembly;Electrostatic complexation
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Porous organic polymers (POPs) are a new class of porous polymer materials, which feature many excellent merits, like low skeleton density, large specific surface area, good stability. Those materials exhibit enormous potential applications in gas storage and separation, heterogeneous catalysis, biochemical sensing, and many other aspects. Meanwhile, due to its large π-conjugated skeleton, pre-designable chromophores can be introduced into the polymer networks to obtain porous materials with different luminescence. This kind of materials exhibit both porous and luminescent properties, thus it shows wide applications in energy conversion, metal ions sensing and explosives detection, etc. Herein, we summarized the design principles and construction strategies of solid-state luminescent POPs, presented their applications which have been developed, and prospect for future development in such area.关键词：Porous organic polymers;Chromophores;Solid state luminescence;Selective detection
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Porous organic polymers (POPs) are compounds completely linked by organic covalent bonds, possessing good thermal and chemical stability, high specific surface area, permanent porosity, and potential applications in gas storage, adsorption, separation, homogeneous catalysis, et cl. As extension applications of basic organic synthesis,the synthesis of POPs not only endows the compound with excellent properties by diverse and adjustable synthetic methods but also greatly promotes the development of POPs, making it a highlight after zeolite, MOFs and so on. Getting a high molecular weight and crosslinking degree of POPs is a challenge restricted by the monomers steric resistance and stringent synthesis conditions. Here, recent progress about two main methods-Suzuki and Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction, is provided a prospect of POPs synthesis development.关键词：POPs;Suzuki coupling reaction;Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions;Catalyst system;Gas adsorption
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Porous Organic Polymers (POPs) are emerging porous materials that have been developed rapidly over recent years, and have been one of the most concerned subjects in the field of polymer science. Given the versatile and tailor-made chemistry, a variety of functional units can be introduced into porous organic polymer materials through the structural predesign or post-modification to render POPs the specific functions for multiple applications. As they have shown the great potential and prospective future, POPs have also evoked increasing interest and desire of exploration in the biomedical field. This article gives a survey of the latest progress in use of POPs for drug delivery, phototherapy, enzyme immobilization, pathology diagnostics and immunoassays, biosensing, and bioimaging. Afterwards, the current challenges and development of researches are discussed as a conclusion to the mini review.关键词：Porous materials;Biomedical applications;Covalent organic frameworks;Conjugated microporous polymers
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：As a kind of novel functional material, the magnetic metal organic frame (MMOFS) composites combine the easy separation, recyclability advantages of magnetic Particless and the porous properties of MOFs. Meanwhile, MMOFs show wide application value in biomedicine, adsorption and separation, catalysis, radioactive element detection and other fields. In this paper, based on the classification of classical MOFs, we briefly summarized the synthesis and application of the composites who combine magnetic Particless with MOF series, ZIF series, HKUST-1, MIL series, UIO series, and the future research direction and problems of MMOFs are briefly analyzed. We are very willing to supply some bases for researchers to adjust the structure of the magnetic metal organic frame composites.关键词：Magnetic;Metal organic frameworks;Composites
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Porous organic polymers (POPs) are a kind of new functional polymer materials, which have the advantages of high specific surface area, good stability and easy functionalization. POPs have shown potential applications in gas storage and separation, sensing, organic photoelectrics and heterogeneous catalysis. This review summarizes the progress for organic conversions by POPs as heterogeneous photocatalysts under visible light excitation. The structural design concept of POPs based photocatalysts was analyzed. And the types and catalytic properties of photocatalytic organic reactions by POPs were summarized. Finally, the existing problems and the opportunities of POPs in this field were also evaluated.We hope that this paper can give some ideas and inspirations to researchers engaged in relevant work.关键词：Porous organic polymers;Heterogeneous photocatalysts;Photocatalysis;Organic conversions
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：In recent years, porous organic polymers (POPs) have become a hot topic and developed rapidly owing to their wide application potentials in gas storage and separation, heterogeneous catalysis, and optical application. These materials possess high specific surface area and permanent porosity, and reveal advantages of high chemical and thermal stability, low density, abundant available monomers, and well established synthesis approaches. Post-modification on the established porous networks is a good strategy to modulate their porosities and skeleton structures to achieve the new functionalized materials. In this review, the state-of-the-art studies of different class of POPs as functional platforms are introduced at first, and the recent progress in the post-modification strategy is highlighted afterwards, then some outlooks on frontiers of functional exploration and potential applications is put forward at the end of this paper.关键词：Porous organic polymers;Post-modification;Functionalization;Functional platforms
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Microporous organic polymers (MOPs) with high specific surface areas, low skeletal density, various structures, and porosity and functional flexibility for rational design exhibit excellent application potential in CO2 adsorption and separation field, becoming one of the research focuses of porous materials. Phthalazinone and its derivatives have asymmetric, aromatic and heterocyclic structures with rigid and twisted characteristics, which will promote the formation of the porous by prohibiting the close packing of the polymer chains and thus providing freedom volumes. This paper reviews the research process of the design, preparation and gas adsorption and separation of the covalent triazine frameworks and polymers of intrinsic microporosity using the phthalazinone miety as the core. The results indicate that a series MOPs can be successfully constructed by the phthalazinone structure with relatively high specific surface areas and the heterocycle may increase the affinity between the polymer skeletons and CO2 molecule with the improvement of the adsorption and separation properties at lower pressure. Meanwhile, the flexible structure design and easy monomer synthetic methods will reduce the preparation cost of such material, exhibiting very good potential application prospect.关键词：Microporous organic polymers;Phthalazinone;Covalent triazine frameworks;Gas adsorption and separation
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), as a novel class of crystalline porous crganic polymers, are mainly constructed by self-assembly of organic building blocks composed of light elements (C, H, O, N, B, etc.) though hydrogen bonds, π-π stacking and van der Waals interactions. HOFs have both the advantages of the two new types of porous crystalline materials such as MOFs and COFs. Because of the high specific surface area, high porosity, low density and controllable structure, HOFs have attracted extensive attention in recent years. Herein, based on the design of building blocks used to construct HOF materials, the research progresses in recent years of HOF materials, including gas adsorption and storage, gas separation and sensing, are introduced in this up-to-the-minute review. Furthermore, the future development trend of this field is prospected.关键词：Hydrogen-bonded organic framework;Gas storage;Gas separation;Sensing
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Porous organic polymers (POPs) are a new type of multi-dimensional porous materials, which are constructed via the strong covalent bond linkage of pure organic building groups with different topologies. Owning to their advantages of light-weight, large specific surface area, excellent stability, pre-designable structure, precise tunable function and so on, POPs have been applied in the field of catalysis, gas storage/separation, sensing, etc. The research of POPs is mainly concentrated in covalent organic frameworks (COFs), conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs), hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCPs), etc. Compared with the linear polymers and small molecular monomers, owning to POPs’ stack skeleton, rich π-electrons and expanding of conjugated structure, POPs have greater properties of light absorption and synergy. The porous nature of POPs, such as high specific surface area and large pore volume, is not only conducive to the entry of guest molecules, but also beneficial to the transmission of electrons. Therefore, they have high photosensitivity and have outstanding performance in the field of fluorescence sensing. This article briefly reviewed research progress of POPs as a fluorescent probe in the detection of heavy metal ions, specific anions, nitroaromatic explosives and other aspects, and puts forward the existing problems in the research of functional POPs in the fluorescent probe and facing the opportunities and challenges in the future.关键词：Porous organic polymers;Fluorescent probe;Heavy metal ions;Specific anions;Nitroaromatic explosive
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：The development of hydrogen energy is one of strategies to solve the problems of energy crisis and environmental pollution. The usage of solar energy to produce hydrogen from water splitting has attracted much attention, in which the key point is to develop efficient and cheap photocatalysts. The current leading photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution are mainly based on inorganic semiconductors such as metal oxide or sulfide, which could absorb UV or visible light to generate electrons and holes. However, most inorganic or metal-based photocatalytic materials suffer from low photocatalytic activity under visible-light, harsh preparation conditions, and the limitation of resource. Organic polymeric photocatalysts have been the subject of intense recent interest due to their diverse synthetic modularity, which allows the fine synthetic control over their chemical structures and electronic properties. In particular, conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), as a novel class of organic photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution, have attracted much attention because of their extended π-conjugation along the polymer skeleton and high specific surface area. In this review, a brief summary on the recent development of polymer photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution from water splitting, including linear conjugated polymers, conjugated microporous polymers, and other related porous organic polymers has been made. Some challenges and prospects of organic polymer photocatalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water splitting are also envisaged.关键词：Conjugated microporous polymer;Hydrogen;Organic photocatalyst;Water splitting
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：It is the main strategy to conceive efficient carbon capture or conversion to reduce the anthropogenic CO2 emission via chemical technologies under moderate temperature conditions. Recently, porous organic polymers (POPs) have attracted intense attention because of their ultra-high CO2 adsorption capacity and potential applications as novel adsorbents. In this paper, we introduce the recent research progress of four kinds of POPs, including Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs), Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks(ZIFs), Conjugated microporous polymers(CMPs), Covalent organic frameworks(COFs).And CO2 capture and transformation using MOFs or CMPs as catalyst and sorbent under ambient conditions are reviewed.关键词：Porous organic polymers;CO2;Capture;Conversion;Catalyst
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Conventional liposomal and many nano-carriers realize drug delivery through entrapment. Metal-organic frameworks, covalent-organic frameworks and supramolecular organic frameworks represents different kinds of periodic porous architectures with controlled nano-scaled sizes. These frameworks can entrap molecular drugs through non-covalent interactions or covalent linking and provide new opportunity for drug delivery. This paper summarizes the research advance of the new porous architectures for this application. Their structural features and advantages as porous carriers are systematically analyzed. By comparing with the clinically approved liposomal technique, the challenges for practical applications of these porous frameworks as drug-carriers are also provided.关键词：Drug delivery;Metal organic framework;Covalent-organic framework;Supramolecular organic framework
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Crystalline frameworks composed of hexacoordinate silicon species have thus far only been observed in a few high pressure silicate phases. By implementing reversible Si-O chemistry for the crystallization of covalent organic frameworks, we demonstrate the simple one-pot synthesis of silicate organic frameworks based on octahedral dianionic SiO 6 building units.Clear evidence of the hexacoordinate environment around the silicon atoms is given by29 Si nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Characterization by high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction, density functional theory calculation and analysis of the pair-distribution function showed that those anionic frameworks-M2[Si(C16H10O4)1.5], where M=Li, Na, K and C16H10O4 is 9,10-dimethylanthracene-2,3,6,7-tetraolate-crystallize as two-dimensional hexagonal layers stabilized in a fully eclipsed stacking arrangement with pronounced disorder in the stacking direction. Permanent microporosity with high surface area (up to 1276m2·g-1) was evidenced by gas-sorption measurements.关键词：Covalent organic frameworks;Hexacoordinate silicon centres;Silicate organic frameworks
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发布时间：2022-09-05
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