最新刊期
卷 31 ， 期 8 ， 2018
- 摘要：Among the present methods for water treatment, adsorption process has been widely studied and applied, since it has exhibited many advantages,such as the availability of a wide range of adsorbents,cost-effectiveness,ease of operation and eco-friendliness. Polymer sponge adsorbents not only have the diversity of molecule design but also can coordinate with heavy metal ions due to the active groups,including hydroxyl,carboxyl,amino,etc. on the polymer chains. Meanwhile, polymer adsorbents in the form of sponge have the porous structure and high elasticity,which endow them with high adsorption capacity and excellent recyclability. The introducing of nano-materials (such as nanoparticles, nanofibers, etc. ) can greatly improve the mechanical and adsorption properties of polymer sponge adsorbents through physical blending or chemical modification. In this mini-review, the classification and preparation methods of polymer sponge adsorbents are introduced. In particular, applications for the removal of heavy metals,oils coupled with organic solvents and dyes are summarized. Finally, the shortcomings and future perspective for this promising field are discussed.关键词：Adsorption;Polymer;Sponge;Water treatment
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Polyimide(PI) is one of the high-performance polymers widely used in many high-tech fields,including high temperature materials in the aviation and aerospace fields,flexible displays, solar cells and microelectronics manufacturing and so on. But polyimide is low in solubility in most organic solvents and can only be dissolved in a few high boiling polar organic solvents, which leads to the difficulty of the traditional polyimide processing and restricts its application. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the solubility of polyimide for the realization of the low cost of polyimide. In this paper, the research progress on polyimide solubility in recent years is mainly summarized, including the introduction of aliphatic groups, bulky triaryl imidazole units, the introduction of halogenated units, copolymerizaion and other methods,and their properties of solubility are described.关键词：Polyimide;Solubility of polyimide;Introduction functional groups
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Thermoelectric material (TE) is a kind of new environmental protection material that can direct conversion of heat energy and electric energy. Presently,inorganic materials are considered to be the best thermoelectric materials. However, scarce resource, high prices, and poor processability limit the large-scale industrialization of inorganic thermoelectric materials. Organic conducting polymers as thermoelectric materials have received increasing attention recently. Poly(3 ,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as thermoelectric materials has drawn extensive attention because of their excellent thermoelectric properties. In this review, we introduce some methods for improving the thermoelectric properties of PEDOT at first, and we discuss the recent thermoelectric properties development of PDEOT with its recent research progress.关键词：Poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene);Thermoelectric materials;Thermoelectric properties
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Proton exchange membrane (PEM) is one of the core part in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Cathode and anode are separated by PEM and carriers are conducted within it. However,the proton conductivity and dimensional stability of homogeneous PEM are still not ideal. Organic-inorganic hybrids is considered as taking the advantages of both organic and inorganic materials,which have important applications in PEMs. This article reviews some recent progresses in the application of organic-inorganic hybrids in PEMs for fuel cells. PEMs doped with metal nanoparticles or metal salt are introduced; and PEMs doped with silica and its modified products are introduced; and PEMs doped with graphene oxide or clay are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of PEM are analyzed in aspect of its preparation method and performance.关键词：Organic-inorganic hybrids;Proton exchange membranes;Proton exchange membrane fuel cell
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) chains are prone to be closely packed and tangle because of the simple and regular long linear structure. Although the resultant bottlenecks in processing of high- performance UHMWPE materials restrict their large-scale development and applications,the unique structure indicate various opportunities for functionalization and materials design. Based on the excellent properties of UHMWPE,a considerable number of studies have shown that functionalization and composites design can be achieved by taking advantages of the polydispersity of molecular weight,adjustable soft/hard phase and physical cross-linking density,pore- foaming effects and stress-induced crystallization under stretching, crystallization-induced phase separation and other characteristics. In this mini-review, the development and application of UHMWPE-based functional composites in recent years are summarized to illustrate the unique advantages and broad prospects of UHMWPE in electromagnetic shielding, intelligent response, biomedicine and thermal management.关键词：UHMWPE;Functionalization;Composites;Separated structure;Porous;Dispersion
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：The metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new type of self-assembled skeleton materials with metal ions as centers and organic matters as ligands,which have been developed for about 20 years. MOFs have been widely studied due to their porosity, large surface area and diversity of structure and function. Based on these characteristics, they have cheerful application prospects in the adsorption and separation of gases and as catalysts. The first step of material research is the synthesis of materials. Therefore, the research on the synthesis of MOFs has attracted much attention. In this mini- review, we reviewed the synthetic methods of MOFs in recent years which can be divided into two categories, the "bottom- up" method and the "top-down" method, and the development trend of the synthetic methods were also prospected.关键词：MOFs;Functional materials;Synthetic methods
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Recently, the perovskite solar cells having a simple process, low cost, long carrier lifetime,high conversion efficiency, flexible bandgap and many other advantages have been attracting intense research interest. Although the highest efficiency of the perovskite solar cell is higher than 22 %,the stability is still a problem which limits its practice applications. If the stability problem cannot be resolved, it will hinder the process of industrialization. This mini-review summarized the recent research progresses in the stability of perovskite solar cells and discussed four main methods of stability improving. Finally, the problems existing in the perovskite solar cells are concluded and the prospect of its industrialization is prospected.关键词：Perovskite;Solar cells;Stability;Photoelectric conversion efficiency
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：In recent years, flexible and transparent electronic equipments have developed rapidly, such as stretchable solar cells,foldable smart phones, and flexible organic light-emitting diodes. The materials which play important roles in flexible and transparent electronic equipment,have attracted more and more attentions. Because of the excessive brittleness, however, the traditional transparent conductive material of indium tin oxide (ITO) cannot meet the needs of flexible electronic equipment, so many alternative materials appeared,such as carbon nanotubes,graphite,metal nanowires, and conductive polymers. Among them, the silver nanowires (Ag NWs) have become the most promising ITO alternative materials with high conductivity, good flexibility and high transparency. In this mini-review, the synthetic methods of the Ag NWs based on the aspect ratio, the contact between nanowires and network structure are summarized in the purpose of exploring the ways to obtain transparent conductive film (TCF) with high transparency and low sheet resistance.关键词：Silver nanowires;Electrode;Transparence;Flexible;Sheet resistance
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a novel medical imaging technology. As a non-invasive and non-ionizing imaging technology, PAI features high resolution, high contrast and high penetration depth. In order to produce a significant photoacoustic signal in the diagnosis of tissue, this imaging technique requires to append contrast agent for interacting with tissues. However, the lack of appropriate contrast agents limits the current application of PAI in the biomedical field. Conjugated polymers are widely utilized for PAI due to their hallmarks of excellent optical performance and good compatibility. Herein, we review the application of conjugated polymers as exogenous contrast agents in PAI and the development of conjugated polymers for contrast agents is prospected.关键词：Photoacoustic imaging;Conjugated polymers;Contrast agents
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have unique one-dimensional nanostructure and meaningful physical and chemical properties. It is doped with polymers to prepare anticorrosion paints,which could significant improve the anticorrosive performance of coatings. The recent research progress of CNTs doped with various polymers, including polyaniline (PANI),polypyrrole (PPy),polyurethane (PU) and epoxy resin (EP) to prepare polymer composites anticorrosive coatings are reviewed. The properties of these coatings are summarized,and the challenges and problems of preparing CNTs composites anticorrosion paints are pinpointed. In addition, its perspective applications in anticorrosive industries are forecasted.关键词：Carbon nanotubes;Anticorrosive coatings;Polymer composite
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Porous polymer self-lubricating composites are a new kind of functional materials with excellent properties, such as outstanding mechanical properties and admirable self-lubricating performance,and have received the widespread attention in the aviation and aerospace,petrochemical industry and mechanical engineering. Lubricating oils can be stored by the pore structures, and then squeezed out from the pores to the contact surface to produce the lubricating film continuously and steadily, which plays a role in decreasing the friction and wear. In this mini-review, the latest research progress in tribology of porous self-lubrication polyimide (PI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE),etc, was introduced, and the current problems were summarized and the prospective of materials was exhibited.关键词：Porous polymer;Self-lubricating materials;Friction;Wear
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Conductive polymers are widely employed in aviation, biomedical equipment, chemical biosensor and energy field. However, the conductive polymers will inevitably produce micro-cracks in the course of usage, resulting in destroying conductive path and paralyzing the entire electronic device. The study of conductive self-healing materials, inspired by the self-repair of organism damage, has drawn great research interests. In this review, recent progress in the field of conductive self-healing materials was summarized, and the corresponding self-healing mechanism, preparation method and application were discussed thoroughly, and finally the main problems existing in conductive self-healing materials were briefly analyzed and the development direction was prospected.关键词：Self-healing;Conductive;Extrinsic;Intrinsic
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Membrane separation technique is applied widely in biology, water treatment and biomimetic due to its high efficiency and energy conservation. However, membrane fouling will lead to significant reduction in separation efficiency and higher cost. Due to the adsorption and deposition of microparticles and macromolecules in the membrane pores, which result in the decrease of the membrane flux and consequently in membrane fouling. The separation efficiency can be improved by regulating membrane structure and modifying surface charge, surface hydrophilicity, surface roughness and surface biomimetic adhesion of the membrane. In this minireview,membrane surface modification methods were summarized, including coating, grafting and surface segregation methods, along with modification through polymerization process.关键词：Membranes fouling;Surface modification;Polymerization process
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Graphene, a 2D honeycomb-like nanocarbon material with high specific surface area,excellent electrical/ thermal conductivity and ideal mechanical properties, is emerging as a desirable reinforced filler for the fabrication of polymer-based composites. Three-dimensional graphene-polymer composites (3DGPCs) can not only fully utilize the exceptional properties of two-dimensional graphene nanosheet,but also desirably impart characteristics of 3D porous material. Solid 3DGPCs fabricated by backfilling polymer into three-dimensional graphene network have the ability to achieve uniform dispersion in polymeric matrix, thus significantly improving its mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. Porous 3DGPCs based on three dimensional graphene framework is characteristic of high porosity, large surface area and outstanding electrical conduction ability,holding significant potential applications in energy storage, environmental protection, sensor,electromagnetic interference shielding and oil pollution clean, and so forth. In this paper,fabrication methods for 3DGPCs are reviewed,and a brief perspective on the challenges and future opportunities is concluded.关键词：Three-dimensional graphene;Polymer;Composites;Fabrication methods
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Lubrication plays an important role in maintaining the daily activities of living organisms and the normal operation of machine equipment. Polymer brushes have received great attention due to their excellent lubricity, good controllability and stimuli-responsiveness. Starting from the structural bionics,the researchers have designed a variety of polymer brushes with different topological structure,which optimized the structure and function of linear polymer brushes. In this review, lubrication mechanisms and research progress of polymer brushes are introduced,and the lubrication effect of several topological structures of polymer brushes has been compared,including lines, loops, bottle brushes and particles. Finally the prospect of polymer brush lubricants is predicted.关键词：Polymer brushes;Topological structures;Lubrication
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：The problem of water pollution has aroused great concern on a global scale. However, there are many kinds of pollutants in water with strong stability and being hard to be degraded. It is difficult to remove pollutants efficiently and completely by traditional methods such as physical flocculation, natural sedimentation, and filtration. In recent years, the adsorption method has been favored due to its advantages of high efficiency, low cost, easy operation, and easy availability of adsorbents. Attapulgite is a natural hydrous magnesium-rich aluminosilicate clay mineral with a layer-chain structure and a nanorod-like crystal morphology. Attapulgite has a large specific surface area, abundant nanochannels,and active surface groups, thus exhibiting excellent adsorption characteristics, combined with advantages of low cost,safety and environmental protection. As natural adsorbent materials, attapulgite shows great application prospects in the field of environmental remediation. In this paper, recent advances in functionalization of attapulgite and its application in adsorption of pollutants and adsorption mechanism are summarized and reviewed.关键词：Attapulgite;Adsorption;Modification;Pollutants;Mechanism
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：Quantum dots are quasi-zero-dimensional nanomaterials, whose dimensions are below 100 nanometers. The movement of internal electrons in all directions is limited, resulting a strong quantum confinement effect. In recent years, quantum dots with special photoelectric properties have been applied in optoelectronic devices such as light emitting fields and battery fields,and a series of research progress has been made. In this paper, we first summarize the electronic and optical properties of quantum dots,then introduce the research progress of quantum dots in the field of optoelectronic devices,including light-emitting devices,solar cells and field-effect transistors and summarizes the performance and problems of the latest quantum dot optoelectronic devices. Finally, we outlook the development of quantum dots in the future of photonics.关键词：Quantum dots;Optoelectronic devices;Solar cell;Field effect transistors;Light-emitting devices
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：In the field of gas separation membranes, the performance of polymeric membranes undergoes a trade-off limitation between permeability and selectivity, defined as Robeson upper bound. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) can combine the advantages of different materials to develop new membrane materials which have the potential to break through the Robeson upper bound. Research into extended materials,such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs),zeolites, graphene oxide (GO),carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their analogues,has blossomed over the last decade. In this context, they have also been identified as promising filler components to prepare MMMs with high CO2 separation performance. But there still are two problems,aggregation and poor dispersion of fillers,in their applications. Thus,this review focuses on the solutions to the two problems concisely based on recent researches. Recent advances and future development of the mixed matrix membranes, based on MOFs, carbon nano-materials and zeolites,in CO2 separation were summarized.关键词：Mixed matrix membranes;CO2 separation;Metal organic frameworks;Carbon nano-materials;Zeolites
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：LiN1-x-yCoxMnyO2 is an important cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Compared with lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide and lithium manganate,LiNi1-x-y CoxMnyO2 is widely concerned by the field of academia and industry due to good cycle performance, large capacity,good thermal stability, low cost,relatively stable structure and so on. At present, LiN1-x-yCoxMnyO2 cathode materials have been successfully used in lithium-ion batteries,but there are also many disadvantages, such as severe irreversible capacity loss during the first cycle, the poor cyclic performance and thermal stability when the nickel content is high,uneven surface reaction,which affected the performance of lithium-ion battery. In this review,modification methods such as doping and coating are summarized, and the future development trend of LiN1-x-yCoxMnyO2 materials is discussed.关键词：Lithium-ion batteries;LiN1-x-yCoxMnyO2 cathode materials;Doping;Coating
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发布时间：2022-09-05 - 摘要：As the most abundant natural polymer on the earth,cellulose has many advantages,such as renewability, biodegradability and biocompatibility. The research and application of cellulose-based materials is important to protect environment and save energy. Recently, cellulose-based functional materials has received extensive attentions. Meanwhile, the functionalization of cellulose has been greatly promoted by the development of new solvents of cellulose and active controlled polymerization. The stimuli-responsive polymer materials can produce rapid and sensitive reactions to external stimuli, thus they have a huge potential in bio-sensing, detecting,and drug loading. In this short review, we summarize the recent research progress of cellulose-based stimuli-responsive functional materials according to the types of responses, and present the challenges and prospects in this field.关键词：Cellulose;Stimuli Response;Functional polymer
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发布时间：2022-09-05
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