Several typical living free-radical polymerization (LFRP) systems were studied

the electronic effects of active species and dormant species on the equilibrium systems were analyzed

and the essential reasons for the occurrence and control of LFRP were investigated. It was concluded that active species and dormant species coexist in equilibrium system; The electronic effect of the materials was significant for the equilibrium systems ; Stable equilibrium systems and the rapid reversible changes between active species and dormant species resulted in the living free-radical polymerization. Recognizing this principle was helpful for students to understand the nature of living free-radical polymerization

and to use the knowledge smartly.