With the development of the "new vaccine"

i. e.

subunit and especially synthetic peptide vaccine

the need for a safe and efficacious immunoadjuvant has become paramount because of the weak immunogenicity of the pure antigens. In this paper we review the various approaches that are being explored for the development of a safe and efficacious immunological adjuvant aimed at specifically increasing both the humoral and cellular immune response to a desired vaccine antigen. Among these approaches

the polymer adjuvant is highlighted

which encompass those improving the presentation of the various antigen (by controlled release or altering the presentation states) as well as those stimulating the immune cells

i.e.

macrophages

T and/or B cells. It is expected that the biodegradable polymer immunoadjuvant is the most promising one that would be clinically acceptable in the near future.