Development over the past decade in the field of Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) polymerization on surface modification is summarized. This is followed by four parts: (1) Physisorption of polymers synthesized by RAFT process; (2) "Grafting from" by grafting polymerization in the existence of surface radicals and free RAFT chain transfer agents (CTAs); (3) "Grafting to" by covalently tethering polymers synthesized by RAFT process through reaction of functional ends with a surface functional groups; (4) Grafting polymerization by grafting RAFT CTAs on the surface first
and then grafting polymerization can be achieved. The effect of RAFT polymerization on research and application in the field of surface modification is also prospected.