Membrane separation technology is a very popular water treatment technology in the 21st century

which has great potential application due to its high-efficiency

energy saving

good selectivity and easy operation. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes have become an important development direction of membrane separation technology because of their distinctive characteristics such as high porosity

uniform pore size

large specific surface area and easy preparation. In this article

we summarize the synthesis principles

structure design

and properties of various electrospinning nanofiber materials including one-dimensional nanostructures

core-shell or hollow structure

and hierarchical structure. Furthermore

we focus on recent progress on the research development and application status of electrospinning nanofibers based on natural polymers in the fields of adsorption and filtration of heavy metals and dyes

oil-water separation and sea water desalination. Meanwhile

we prospect the development trends and research directions of electrospun bio-based nanofibrous membranes for water treatment.